CompletableFuture.allOf 主线程获取所有future的运行结果

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-29 09:00:00 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-03-29 09:00:00 发布 · 1.4w 阅读

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#java #开发语言 #后端

本文通过测试代码展示了在使用CompletableFuture.allOf时，主线程可能会因子线程未及时完成而获取到null结果的问题。文章讨论了问题的原因，并提供了将赋值操作移出thenAccept之外的解决方案，以确保主线程能正确获取所有子任务的结果。

提示: 嫌麻烦可以直接跳到"问题"开始看

测试代码

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootdemoApplicationTests {

    @Test
    void contextLoads() throws InterruptedException {
        RestClient client = new RestClient("http://121.36.151.190:9090");
        client.login("admin@abcd.com", "admin");

        Map<String, Object> rpcDto = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        rpcDto.put("method", "30");
        List<Map<String, String>> params = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String, String> param = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        param.put("deviceNumber", "12");
        params.add(param);
        rpcDto.put("params", params);

        Map<String, Boolean> res = new LinkedHashMap<>();

        List<CompletableFuture<Map<String, Integer>>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i=0;i<1;i++){
            CompletableFuture<Map<String, Integer>> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(
                    () -> client.getRestTemplate()
                        .exchange(
                                "http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:9090" + "/xxxUrl",
                                HttpMethod.POST,
                                new HttpEntity<>(rpcDto),
                                new ParameterizedTypeReference<Map<String, Integer>>() {}
                        )
                        .getBody()
            );
            future.thenAccept(results -> results.keySet().forEach(resultkey -> {
                System.out.println("future accepted, setting res as true");
                res.put(resultkey, results.get(resultkey)==0);
            }));
            futures.add(future);
        }
        CompletableFuture<Void> combinedFutures = CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[0]));

        combinedFutures.thenAccept(r ->
                System.out.println("combinedFuture accepted")
        );

        combinedFutures.whenComplete((v,th) -> {
            System.out.println("all completed");
            System.out.println(v);
        }).join();


        System.out.println(res);

        System.out.println("watting...");
        Thread.sleep(10);

        System.out.println(res);
    }
}

执行结果

combinedFuture accepted
all completed
null
{}
watting…
future accepted, setting res as true
{12=true}

总结

主线程创建一批子线程, 子线程开始执行远程调用

主线程走到join方法时开始等待

最后一个子线程的远程调用完成, 拿到things board的返回值

接下来至少有两个线程都在执行: 主线程和最后一个子线程

主线程继续执行join()及其后面的代码;

子线程执行远程调用完成之后的回调代码(即将结果put进res)

问题

主线程在从map里取结果时会取到null值, 因为可能子线程还没来得及将result赋值进去

解决

将赋值代码从thenAccept挪到外面. 变动的代码如下

List<CompletableFuture<Map<String, Integer>>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i=0;i<1;i++){
    CompletableFuture<Map<String, Integer>> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(
            () -> client.getRestTemplate()
                .exchange(
                        "http://xxx.xxx.xx.xxx:9090" + "/xxxUrl",
                        HttpMethod.POST,
                        new HttpEntity<>(rpcDto),
                        new ParameterizedTypeReference<Map<String, Integer>>() {}
                )
                .getBody()
    );
    futures.add(future);
}
CompletableFuture<Void> combinedFutures = CompletableFuture.allOf(futures.toArray(new CompletableFuture[0]));

combinedFutures.thenAccept(r ->
        System.out.println("combinedFuture accepted")
);

combinedFutures.whenComplete((v,th) -> {
    System.out.println("all completed");
}).join();

for (CompletableFuture<Map<String, Integer>> future : futures){
    Map<String, Integer> result = future.join();
    result.forEach(new BiConsumer<String, Integer>() {
        @Override
        public void accept(String s, Integer integer) {
            res.put(s, integer==0);
        }
    });
}

结果

combinedFuture accepted
all completed
{12=true}
watting...
{12=true}