计算机程序设计C++（第12周基础练习）

测试与作业C++基础练习100题

##第十二周基本练习

本周内容C++中的多态性

1. 形状类虚函数
   

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class SHAPE
{
private:
	double x, y;
public:
	SHAPE(double x = 0, double y = 0) :x(x), y(y){};
	void set(double x, double y){ this->x = x; this->y = y; }
	virtual double area(){ return 0; };
};

class CIRCLE :public SHAPE
{
private:
	double radius;
public:
	CIRCLE(double x = 0, double y = 0, double r = 0) :SHAPE(x, y), radius(r){};
	void set(double x, double y, double r){ SHAPE::set(x, y); radius = r; };
	double area(){ return 3.14*radius*radius; }
};

int main()
{
	SHAPE sp(1, 2);
	CIRCLE c(3, 4, 5);
	SHAPE *p;
	SHAPE &sp2 = c;
	p = &sp;
	cout << p->area() << endl;
	p = &c;
	cout << p->area() << endl;
	cout << sp2.area() << endl;
	return 0;
}

2. 形状类纯虚函数
   

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class SHAPE
{
private:
	double x, y;
public:
	SHAPE(double x = 0, double y = 0) :x(x), y(y){};
	void set(double x, double y){ this->x = x; this->y = y; }
	virtual double area() = 0;
};

class CIRCLE :public SHAPE
{
private:
	double radius;
public:
	CIRCLE(double x = 0, double y = 0, double r = 0) :SHAPE(x, y), radius(r){};
	void set(double x, double y, double r){ SHAPE::set(x, y); radius = r; };
	double area(){ return 3.14*radius*radius; }
};

int main()
{
	CIRCLE c(3, 4, 5);
	SHAPE *p;
	SHAPE &sp2 = c;
	p = &c;
	cout << p->area() << endl;
	cout << sp2.area() << endl;
	return 0;
}

3. 三维空间向量类重载加法运算
   

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class VECTOR3D
{
private:
	double x, y, z;
public:
	VECTOR3D(double a = 0, double b = 0, double c = 0) :x(a), y(b), z(c){};
	void set(double a, double b, double c){ x = a; y = b; z = c; }
	void show()
	{
		cout << '(' << x << ' ' << y << ' ' << z << ')';
	}
	VECTOR3D operator + (VECTOR3D);
};

VECTOR3D VECTOR3D::operator +(VECTOR3D a)
{
	VECTOR3D temp;
	temp.x = x + a.x;
	temp.y = y + a.y;
	temp.z = z + a.z;
	return temp;
}

int main()
{
	VECTOR3D a(1, 2, 3), b(3, 4, 5), c;
	double x, y, z;

	a.show();
	cout << endl;
	b.show();
	cout << endl;
	c.show();
	cout << endl; 

	cin >> x >> y >> z;
	b.set(x, y, z);
	c = a + b;

	a.show();
	cout << endl;
	b.show();
	cout << endl;
	c.show();
	cout << endl;
	return 0;
}

4. 复数类重载乘法

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class COMPLEX
{
private:
	double real, imag;
public:
	COMPLEX(double r = 0, double i = 0) :real(r), imag(i){};
	void set(double r, double i){ real = r; imag = i; }
	void show()
	{
		if (imag>=0)
		cout << real << '+' << imag << 'j';
		else
		cout << real << '-' << -imag << 'j';
	}
	COMPLEX operator *(COMPLEX);
};

COMPLEX COMPLEX::operator * (COMPLEX a)
{
	COMPLEX temp;
	temp.real = real*a.real - imag*a.imag;
	temp.imag = imag*a.real + real*a.imag;
	return temp;
}

int main()
{
	COMPLEX a(1, 2), b(3, 4), c;
	double x, y;
	
	a.show();
	cout << endl;
	b.show();
	cout << endl;
	c.show();
	cout << endl;

	cin >> x >> y ;
	b.set(x, y);
	c = a * b;

	a.show();
	cout << endl;
	b.show();
	cout << endl;
	c.show();
	cout << endl;
	return 0;

}

以上为第十二周的基础练习。