1、测试用例的定义
① fault :A static defect in the software
② failure:External, incorrect behavior with respect to the requirementsor other description of the expected behavior
③ error:An incorrect internal state that is the manifestation of somefault
2、PIE model
Three things usually happen in order to reveal theexistence of a fault:
1. executes the code where the fault has an impact(“execution")
2. changes the data state of the computation (“infection”)
3. propagates this erroneous state to an output(“propagation").
3、测试=V+V
Verification 验证
Validation 确认
Validation: The process of evaluating software at the endof software development to ensurecompliance with intended usage
Verification: The process of determining whether theproducts of a given phase of the software development process fulfill therequirements established during the previous phase
4、测试和调试的区别
目标:检查错误;解决错误
任务:设计测试用例;程序(代码)
结果:失效;代码正确
角色:测试人员;开发人员
过程:设计、执行测试用例;定位和修复
5、软件测试的定义:发现缺陷,是否符合预期要求
软件测试的作用:改变质量
成功的测试:预期输出失败的测试
6、测试分类:
a)代码是否可见:白盒 黑盒 (灰盒)
b)是否需要执行软件:动态(测代码、发现错误) 静态(检查文档,定位错误)
c)是否人工干预:手工 自动化
d)按测试阶段分类: 单元测试(类或方法)、集成测试(接口、参数返回值)、系统测试(硬件、网络、外设)、验收测试(α测试(开发人员为主)、β测试(用户为主))
7、白盒、黑盒定义、区别
8、静态、动态定义、区别
9、单元、集成定义、区别