SharedPreferences中commit和apply的区别

在Android应用开发中，SharedPreference在数据存储时是经常用到的。之前项目中一般都是用commit，今天在敲代码的时候，AS推荐我将commit改成apply，于是就好奇点进去看了下。

apply方法在源码中说明如下：

/**
 * Commit your preferences changes back from this Editor to the
 * {@link SharedPreferences} object it is editing.  This atomically
 * performs the requested modifications, replacing whatever is currently
 * in the SharedPreferences.
 *
 * <p>Note that when two editors are modifying preferences at the same
 * time, the last one to call apply wins.
 *
 * <p>Unlike {@link #commit}, which writes its preferences out
 * to persistent storage synchronously, {@link #apply}
 * commits its changes to the in-memory
 * {@link SharedPreferences} immediately but starts an
 * asynchronous commit to disk and you won't be notified of
 * any failures.  If another editor on this
 * {@link SharedPreferences} does a regular {@link #commit}
 * while a {@link #apply} is still outstanding, the
 * {@link #commit} will block until all async commits are
 * completed as well as the commit itself.
 *
 * <p>As {@link SharedPreferences} instances are singletons within
 * a process, it's safe to replace any instance of {@link #commit} with
 * {@link #apply} if you were already ignoring the return value.
 *
 * <p>You don't need to worry about Android component
 * lifecycles and their interaction with <code>apply()</code>
 * writing to disk.  The framework makes sure in-flight disk
 * writes from <code>apply()</code> complete before switching
 * states.
 *
 * <p class='note'>The SharedPreferences.Editor interface
 * isn't expected to be implemented directly.  However, if you
 * previously did implement it and are now getting errors
 * about missing <code>apply()</code>, you can simply call
 * {@link #commit} from <code>apply()</code>.
 */
void apply();

这两个方法的具体区别在于：

1.apply没有返回值；commit返回值类型为boolean，表明修改是否提交成功

2.apply是先将修改数据提交到内存中，之后再异步提交到硬件磁盘中；而commit是同步提交到磁盘，因此，在多个并发的提交保存数据的时候，commit会等待正在处理的commit保存到磁盘后再操作，从而降低了效率。而apply会先将数据提交到内存中，后面调用apply的函数时，会直接覆盖前面的内存数据，这样从一定程度上提高了很多效率

3.apply方法不会有任何失败的提示。