OSPF基础介绍

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 11:51:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-12 11:51:10 发布

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分类专栏：计算机理论计算机理论与基础计算机网络网络文章标签：路由协议网络协议计算机网络

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一.RIP的缺陷

1.以跳数评估的路由并非最优路径

2.最大跳数16导致网络尺度小

3.收敛速度慢

4.更新发送全部路由表浪费网络资源

二.OSPF基本原理

1.什么是OSPF

　　a>.OSPF（Open Shortest Path First,开放最短路径有限）是IETF开发的基于链路状态的自治系统内部路由协议；

　　b>.OSPF仅传播对端设备不具备的路由信息，网络收敛迅速，并有效避免了网络资源浪费；

　　c>.OSPF直接工作于IP层之上，IP协议号为89；

　　d>.OSPF以组播地址发送协议包；

2. OSPF协议工作过程概述

　　a>.寻找邻居；

　　b>.建立邻接关系；

　　注意：上图中的DR和BDR是用来管理一个单区域的，上图中邻接关系数是10，如果都让OSPF来管理是会有很大的负载的，这个时候选举出DR和BDR（DR是管理者，当DR坏掉是有BDR路由器来取得所有权进行管理）来管理这些单区域，多条链路是的话需要选举出来DR和BDR，单挑链路是没有必要选举的，因为没有那么大的负载。　

　　DR和BDR选举

DR,BDR选举规则总结：
　　1>.选举接口优先级，优先级越大越优先，被选DR，优先级第二，被选BDR.
　　2>.如果优先级一样，选route-id,越大优先.
　　3>.如果路由器没有设置route-id，那么选接口的ip地址，越大越优先。

注意：一个单区域中可以没有BDR，但是必须有DR!

c>.链路状态信息传递;

　　d.路由计算

3.OSPF协议分区域管理

4.OSPF协议区域LSA发布

三.配置OSPF

配置下图实验，让公司总部这太电脑能够访问各个机房的主机！

配置过程如下：

"兆维机房"配置如下：

"兆维机房"配置如下：
[Huawei]sysname zhaowei
[zhaowei]interface LoopBack 1
[zhaowei-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.1.1 24
[zhaowei-LoopBack1]quit 
[zhaowei]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[zhaowei-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[zhaowei-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[zhaowei-Ethernet0/0/0]quit
[zhaowei]interface  Ethernet 0/0/0
[zhaowei-Ethernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 100  #设置优先级为100，这样使得其优先级最高，成为DR路由器
[zhaowei-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[zhaowei]router id 1.1.1.1
[zhaowei]ospf 100  #配置进程号，这个可以自定义
[zhaowei-ospf-100]area 0 #定义区域
[zhaowei-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255  #这个掩码（0.0.0.255）=广播地址（255.255.255.0）-这个

网段的子网掩码（255.255.255.0）
[zhaowei-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0  #向外面宣告这个地址

"鲁谷机房"配置如下：

[Huawei]sysname lugu
[lugu]interface LoopBack 1
[lugu-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.1.2 24
[lugu-LoopBack1]quit 
[lugu]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[lugu-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 24
[lugu-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[lugu-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[lugu]router id 2.2.2.2 #配置路由的ID
[lugu]ospf 100
[lugu-ospf-100]area 0
[lugu-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[lugu-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0

"清华园机房"配置如下：

[Huawei]sysname qinghuayuan
[qinghuayuan]interface Ethernet 0/0/1
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/1]ip address 172.30.1.254 24
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/1]undo shutdown 
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/1]quit 
[qinghuayuan]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.3 24
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[qinghuayuan-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[qinghuayuan]router id 3.3.3.3
[qinghuayuan]ospf 100
[qinghuayuan-ospf-100]area 0
[qinghuayuan-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[qinghuayuan-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.30.1.0 0.0.0.255

"廊坊机房"配置如下：

[Huawei]sysname langfang
[langfang]interface LoopBack 1
[langfang-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.1.4 24
[langfang-LoopBack1]quit 
[langfang]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[langfang-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.4 24
[langfang-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[langfang-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[langfang]router id 4.4.4.4
[langfang]ospf 100
[langfang-ospf-100]area 0
[langfang-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[langfang-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.4 0.0.0.0

"高碑店机房"配置如下：

[Huawei]sysname gaobeidian
[gaobeidian]interface LoopBack 1
[gaobeidian-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.1.5 24
[gaobeidian-LoopBack1]quit 
[gaobeidian]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[gaobeidian-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.5 24
[gaobeidian-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[gaobeidian-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[gaobeidian]router id 5.5.5.5
[gaobeidian]ospf 100
[gaobeidian-ospf-100]area 0
[gaobeidian-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[gaobeidian-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.5 0.0.0.0

"双桥机房"配置如下：

[Huawei]sysname shuangqiao
[shuangqiao]interface LoopBack 1
[shuangqiao-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.1.6 24
[shuangqiao-LoopBack1]quit 
[shuangqiao]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[shuangqiao-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 24
[shuangqiao-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
[shuangqiao-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[shuangqiao]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[shuangqiao-Ethernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 50
[shuangqiao-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
[shuangqiao]router id 6.6.6.6
[shuangqiao]ospf 100
[shuangqiao-ospf-100]area 0
[shuangqiao-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[shuangqiao-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0

公司总部电脑测试结果如下:

PC>ipconfig

Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe86:12b
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 172.30.1.3
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.0
Gateway...........................: 172.30.1.254
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-86-01-2B
DNS server........................:

PC>ping 192.168.1.1

Ping 192.168.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms

PC>ping 172.16.1.1

Ping 172.16.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=63 ms
From 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=78 ms
From 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

--- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/78 ms

PC>ping 172.16.1.2

Ping 172.16.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=63 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=62 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=63 ms

--- 172.16.1.2 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/63 ms

PC>ping 172.16.1.4

Ping 172.16.1.4: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.4: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=93 ms
From 172.16.1.4: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=46 ms
From 172.16.1.4: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=62 ms
From 172.16.1.4: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=46 ms
From 172.16.1.4: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

--- 172.16.1.4 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 46/58/93 ms

PC>ping 172.16.1.5

Ping 172.16.1.5: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 172.16.1.5: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=94 ms
From 172.16.1.5: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.5: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.5: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 172.16.1.5: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

--- 172.16.1.5 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/94 ms

PC>

四.OSPF常用的调试命令

1.查看OSPF摘要信息

<qinghuayuan>display ospf brief 

     OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
         OSPF Protocol Information

 RouterID: 3.3.3.3          Border Router: 
 Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled
 Global DS-TE Mode: Non-Standard IETF Mode
 Spf-schedule-interval: max 10000ms, start 500ms, hold 1000ms
 Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2
 Route Preference: 10 
 ASE Route Preference: 150 
 SPF Computation Count: 7     
 RFC 1583 Compatible
 Retransmission limitation is disabled
 Area Count: 1   Nssa Area Count: 0 
 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0
 
 Area: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)
 Authtype: None   Area flag: Normal
 SPF scheduled Count: 7     
 ExChange/Loading Neighbors: 0
 Router ID conflict state: Normal

 Interface: 172.30.1.254 (Ethernet0/0/1)
 Cost: 1       State: DR        Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500  
 Priority: 1
 Designated Router: 172.30.1.254
 Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0
 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 

 Interface: 192.168.1.3 (Ethernet0/0/0)
 Cost: 1       State: DROther    Type: Broadcast    MTU: 1500  
 Priority: 1
 Designated Router: 192.168.1.1
 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.1.2
 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 
<qinghuayuan> 

display ospf brief

2.查看启动OSPF的接口信息

<qinghuayuan>display  ospf interface 

     OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
         Interfaces 

 Area: 0.0.0.0          (MPLS TE not enabled)
 IP Address      Type         State    Cost    Pri   DR              BDR 
 172.30.1.254    Broadcast    DR       1       1     172.30.1.254    0.0.0.0
 192.168.1.3     Broadcast    DROther  1       1     192.168.1.1     192.168.1.2
 
<qinghuayuan>

display ospf interface

3.查看OSPF出错信息

<qinghuayuan>display ospf error

OSPF Process 100 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
OSPF error statistics

General packet errors:
0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet
0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum
0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered interface
0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authentication type
0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small
0 : Packet size > ip length 0 : Transmit error
0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor
0 : Bad net segment 0 : Extern option mismatch
0 : Router id confusion

HELLO packet errors:
0 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch
0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Virtual neighbor unknown
0 : NBMA neighbor unknown 0 : Invalid Source Address

DD packet errors:
0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Unknown LSA type
0 : MTU option mismatch

LS ACK packet errors:
0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Unknown LSA type

LS REQ packet errors:
0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Empty request
0 : Bad request

LS UPD packet errors:
0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Newer self-generate LSA
0 : LSA checksum bad 3 : Received less recent LSA
0 : Unknown LSA type

Opaque errors:
0 : 9-out of flooding scope 0 : 10-out of flooding scope
0 : 11-out of flooding scope 0 : Unkown TLV type

Retransmission for packet over Limitation errors:
0 : Number for DD Packet 0 : Number for Update Packet
0 : Number for Request Packet

Configuration errors:
0 : Tunnel cost mistake
<qinghuayuan>

display ospf error

4.查看OSPF包调试信息

<qinghuayuan>terminal debugging   #开启调试模式
<qinghuayuan>debugging ospf packet  #查看OSPF调试包
<qinghuayuan>
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: RECV Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.1
68.1.1
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 1
.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 4ea9
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 100, D
ead Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 2.2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 3.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 4.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 5.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 6.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.450.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: RECV Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.1
68.1.6
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 6
.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 4edb
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 50, De
ad Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 1.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 2.2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 3.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 4.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 5.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 15:59:59.630.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  q
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: RECV Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.1
68.1.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 5
.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 4f0c
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 1, Dea
d Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 1.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 2.2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 3.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 4.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 6.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 16:00:01.270.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 556 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: SEND Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 172.3
0.1.254
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 44, Router: 3
.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 487c
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 1, Dea
d Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 172.30.1.254
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 0.0.0.0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:02.640.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: RECV Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.16
8.1.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 2
24.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hello
)
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 2.
2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum:
 4f0c
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0 
0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255.
0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Option
: _E_
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 1, Dead
 Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors:
 5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 1.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 3.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 4.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 5.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 6.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.70.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178025 Line: 556 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: SEND Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.1
68.1.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 3
.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 4f0c
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 1, Dea
d Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 1.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 2.2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 4.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 5.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 6.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 16:00:03.180.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.1-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:
 FileID: 0x70178024 Line: 2218 Level: 0x20
 OSPF 100: RECV Packet. Interface: Ethernet0/0/0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.2-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Source Address: 192.1
68.1.4
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.3-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Destination Address: 
224.0.0.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.4-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Ver# 2, Type: 1 (Hell
o)
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.5-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Length: 64, Router: 4
.4.4.4
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.6-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Area: 0.0.0.0, Chksum
: 4f0c
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.7-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  AuType: 00
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.8-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Key(ascii): 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.9-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Net Mask: 255.255.255
.0
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.10-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Hello Int: 10, Optio
n: _E_
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.11-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  Rtr Priority: 1, Dea
d Int: 40
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.12-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  DR: 192.168.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.13-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  BDR: 192.168.1.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.14-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:  # Attached Neighbors
: 5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.15-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 1.1.1.1
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.16-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 2.2.2.2
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.17-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 3.3.3.3
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.18-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 5.5.5.5
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.19-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:    Neighbor: 6.6.6.6
Apr 15 2017 16:00:04.470.20-08:00 qinghuayuan RM/6/RMDEBUG:   User interface con0 is available

<qinghuayuan>undo debugging all  #关闭调试模式
Info: All possible debugging has been turned off.
<qinghuayuan>

debugging ospf packet

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OSPF基础介绍

一.RIP的缺陷1.以跳数评估的路由并非最优路径2.最大跳数16导致网络尺度小3.收敛速度慢4.更新发送全部路由表浪费网络资源二.OSPF基本原理1.什么是OSPF　　a>.OSPF（Open Shortest Path First,开放最短路径有限）是IETF开发的基于链路状态的自治系统内部路由协议；　　b>.OSPF仅传播对端设...
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