ubuntu 24.04安装anaconda使所有用户能在上面安装独立环境

有一种奇妙的需求是，实验室某一台服务器需要装conda，既要保证其他用户能正常创建环境以及使用，又要让这些环境共有。

如果是这种情况，可以跟着本篇教程做。

如果仅为当前帐号安装的话，本教程兼容为当前帐号安装的情况。在sudo bash Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh部分都不用加sudo，然后配置完环境变量, init之后就可以使用了。

在anaconda官网上下载anaconda安装包，国内可以在清华镜像上找到，但不知道镜像网站能维持多久，因为近期docker已经被关停了。

PS: 这里不建议下最新版的，因为可能存在不能创建低版本python环境的风险。这里我下载的是Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh

打开terminal，然后进入到对应目录：

sudo bash Anaconda3-2022.05-Linux-x86_64.sh

在页面输入enter，然后出现服务条款，按q，然后输入yes回车

In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>

==================================================

Copyright 2015-2022, Anaconda, Inc.

All rights reserved under the 3-clause BSD License:

This End User License Agreement (the "Agreement") is a legal agreement between y
ou and Anaconda, Inc. ("Anaconda") and governs your use of Anaconda Distribution
 (which was formerly known as Anaconda Individual Edition).

Subject to the terms of this Agreement, Anaconda hereby grants you a non-exclusi
ve, non-transferable license to:

  * Install and use the Anaconda Distribution (which was formerly known as Anaco
nda Individual Edition),
  * Modify and create derivative works of sample source code delivered in Anacon
da Distribution from Anaconda's repository, and;
  * Redistribute code files in source (if provided to you by Anaconda as source)
 and binary forms, with or without modification subject to the requirements set 
forth below, and;


Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes

然后放需要放的地方，默认是/root/anaconda3，这个位置不太好，因为其他用户没有权限访问，可以改成/opt/anaconda3之类的大家可以公共访问的

installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to initialize Anaconda3
by running conda init? [yes|no]
[no] >>> no

这里不初始化，然后用你的编辑器打开~/.bashrc，在最后一行加上

export PATH=/opt/anaconda3/bin:$PATH

然后开始写初始化代码，其他用户同样也需要这个步骤：

/opt/anaconda3/bin/conda shell.bash hook >> ~/.bashrc

导入环境变量以及初始化，最后在terminal键入

source ~/.bashrc

接着装环境和lib可能会挺慢的，只能借助国内镜像，在conda和pip上设置镜像源（此处省略步骤）

创建一个环境：

conda create -n py38 python=3.8

名为py38试试看

Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
#     $ conda activate py38
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
#     $ conda deactivate

OKOK，然后依照他的提示输入conda activate py38，即可

之后会讲解如何在环境上安装有GPU cuda的python库pytorch