linux上的客户端连接window上的服务器

server代码：
window上的服务器代码不变，但是需要注意一点：linux上的client连接服务器上的server时服务器的防火墙必须关闭才能连接成功。

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS

#include<windows.h>
#include<WinSock2.h>
#include<stdio.h>

#include <vector>

#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")

enum CMD
{
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
	CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
	CMD_ERROR
};

struct DataHeader
{
	short dataLength;
	short cmd;
};

//DataPackage
struct Login : public DataHeader
{
	Login()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Login);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
	}
	char userName[32];
	char PassWord[32];
};

struct LoginResult : public DataHeader
{
	LoginResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};

struct Logout : public DataHeader
{
	Logout()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
	}
	char userName[32];
};

struct LogoutResult : public DataHeader
{
	LogoutResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};

struct NewUserJoin : public DataHeader
{
	NewUserJoin()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
		cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
		scok = 0;
	}
	int scok;
};

std::vector<SOCKET> g_clients;

int processor(SOCKET _cSock)
{
	//缓冲区
	char szRecv[4096] = {};
	// 5 接收客户端数据
	int nLen = recv(_cSock, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
	DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;
	if (nLen <= 0)
	{
		printf("客户端<Socket=%d>已退出，任务结束。\n", _cSock);
		return -1;
	}
	switch (header->cmd)
	{
	case CMD_LOGIN:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		Login* login = (Login*)szRecv;
		printf("收到客户端<Socket=%d>请求：CMD_LOGIN,数据长度：%d,userName=%s PassWord=%s\n", _cSock, login->dataLength, login->userName, login->PassWord);
		//忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
		LoginResult ret;
		send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(LoginResult), 0);
	}
	break;
	case CMD_LOGOUT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		Logout* logout = (Logout*)szRecv;
		printf("收到客户端<Socket=%d>请求：CMD_LOGOUT,数据长度：%d,userName=%s \n", _cSock, logout->dataLength, logout->userName);
		//忽略判断用户密码是否正确的过程
		LogoutResult ret;
		send(_cSock, (char*)&ret, sizeof(ret), 0);
	}
	break;
	default:
	{
		DataHeader header = { 0,CMD_ERROR };
		send(_cSock, (char*)&header, sizeof(header), 0);
	}
	break;
	}
}

int main()
{
	//启动Windows socket 2.x环境
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
	//------------

	//-- 用Socket API建立简易TCP服务端
	// 1 建立一个socket 套接字
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
	// 2 bind 绑定用于接受客户端连接的网络端口
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567);//host to net unsigned short
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;//inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == bind(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(_sin)))
	{
		printf("错误,绑定网络端口失败...\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("绑定网络端口成功...\n");
	}
	// 3 listen 监听网络端口
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == listen(_sock, 5))
	{
		printf("错误,监听网络端口失败...\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("监听网络端口成功...\n");
	}

	while (true)
	{
		//伯克利套接字 BSD socket
		fd_set fdRead;//描述符（socket） 集合  
		fd_set fdWrite;
		fd_set fdExp;
		//清理集合
		FD_ZERO(&fdRead);
		FD_ZERO(&fdWrite);
		FD_ZERO(&fdExp);
		//将描述符（socket）加入集合  
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdRead);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdWrite);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdExp);

		for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
		{
			FD_SET(g_clients[n], &fdRead);
		}
		///nfds 是一个整数值 是指fd_set集合中所有描述符(socket)的范围，而不是数量
		///既是所有文件描述符最大值+1 在Windows中这个参数可以写0
		timeval t = { 1,0 };
		int ret = select(_sock + 1, &fdRead, &fdWrite, &fdExp, &t);
		if (ret < 0)
		{
			printf("select任务结束。\n");
			break;
		}
		//判断描述符（socket）是否在集合中  
		if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdRead))
		{
			FD_CLR(_sock, &fdRead);
			// 4 accept 等待接受客户端连接
			sockaddr_in clientAddr = {};
			int nAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
			SOCKET _cSock = INVALID_SOCKET;
			_cSock = accept(_sock, (sockaddr*)&clientAddr, &nAddrLen);
			if (INVALID_SOCKET == _cSock)
			{
				printf("错误,接受到无效客户端SOCKET...\n");
			}
			else
			{
				for (int n = (int)g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
				{
					NewUserJoin userJoin;
					send(g_clients[n], (const char*)&userJoin, sizeof(NewUserJoin), 0);
				}
				g_clients.push_back(_cSock);
				printf("新客户端加入：socket = %d,IP = %s \n", (int)_cSock, inet_ntoa(clientAddr.sin_addr));
			}
		}
		for (size_t n = 0; n < fdRead.fd_count; n++)
		{
			if (-1 == processor(fdRead.fd_array[n]))
			{
				auto iter = find(g_clients.begin(), g_clients.end(), fdRead.fd_array[n]);
				if (iter != g_clients.end())
				{
					g_clients.erase(iter);
				}
			}
		}

		//printf("空闲时间处理其它业务..\n");
	}

	for (size_t n = g_clients.size() - 1; n >= 0; n--)
	{
		closesocket(g_clients[n]);
	}
	// 8 关闭套节字closesocket
	closesocket(_sock);
	//------------
	//清除Windows socket环境
	WSACleanup();
	printf("已退出。\n");
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

client代码：
client代码的_sin.sin_addr.s_addr需要根据自己主机设置，具体可在主机命令行通过ipconfig查看：

	_sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.74.1");

完整代码：

#ifdef _WIN32
	#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
	#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
	
	#include <WinSock2.h>
	#include <windows.h>
	#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")	//解决库调用  我们用通用的方法 已经在属性中添加了
#else
	#include <unistd.h>             //unix的标准库
	#include <arpa/inet.h>
	#include <string.h>

	//解决宏定义 
	#define SOCKET int
	#define INVALID_SOCKET (SOCKET)(~0)
	#define SOCKET_ERROR (-1)
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <thread>

enum CMD //用枚举存储登录登出等命令
{
	CMD_LOGIN,
	CMD_LOGIN_RESULT,
	CMD_LOGOUT,
	CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT,
	CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN,
	CMD_ERROR
};

struct DataHeader//定义数据包头 在客户端和服务端使用结构化数据传递消息时，字节序要一致
{
	short dataLength; //数据长度
	short cmd; //cmd命令
};

struct Login : public DataHeader //定义一个结构体封装数据
{
	Login()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Login);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN;
	}
	char userName[32];
	char passWord[32];
};

struct LoginResult : public DataHeader  //返回登录的结果
{
	LoginResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LoginResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGIN_RESULT;
		result = 1;
	}
	int result;
};

struct Logout : public DataHeader               //返回谁要退出
{
	Logout()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(Logout);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT;
	}
	char username[32];
};
struct LogoutResult : public DataHeader         //返回登出的结果
{
	LogoutResult()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(LogoutResult);
		cmd = CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT;
		result = 0;
	}
	int result;
};
struct NewUserJoin : public DataHeader          //新用户加入
{
	NewUserJoin()
	{
		dataLength = sizeof(NewUserJoin);
		cmd = CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN;
		scok = 0;
	}
	int scok;
};


int processor(SOCKET _cSock)    //专门处理接受到的消息
{
	//缓冲区
	char szRecv[4096] = {};
	//接收服务器信息 参数 服务端套接字 数据缓冲区 数据缓冲区的字节数 默认值(作为预留位置)
	int len = recv(_cSock, szRecv, sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
	DataHeader* header = (DataHeader*)szRecv;
	if (len <= 0)
	{
		printf("与服务器断开连接，任务结束\n");
		return -1;
	}
	switch (header->cmd)
	{

	case CMD_LOGIN_RESULT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		LoginResult *login = (LoginResult*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务器的消息：CMD_LOGIN_RESULT, 数据长度%d \n", header->dataLength);

		break;
	}
	case CMD_LOGOUT_RESULT:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		LogoutResult *logout = (LogoutResult*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务器的消息：CMD_LOGIN_RESULT, 数据长度%d \n", header->dataLength);
		break;
	}
	case CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN:
	{
		recv(_cSock, szRecv + sizeof(DataHeader), header->dataLength - sizeof(DataHeader), 0);
		NewUserJoin *userjoin = (NewUserJoin*)szRecv;
		printf("收到服务器的消息：CMD_NEW_USER_JOIN, 数据长度%d \n", header->dataLength);
		break;
	}
	}
	return 0;
}

bool g_bRun = true;
void cmdThread(SOCKET _sock)
{
	while (true)
	{
		char cmdBuf[256] = {};
		scanf("%s", cmdBuf);
		if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "exit"))
		{
			g_bRun = false;
			printf("退出线程\n");
			break;
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "Login"))
		{
			Login login;
			strcpy(login.userName, "majun");
			strcpy(login.passWord, "518811");
			send(_sock, (const char*)&login, sizeof(Login), 0);
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(cmdBuf, "Logout"))
		{
			Logout logout;
			strcpy(logout.username, "majun");
			send(_sock, (const char*)&logout, sizeof(Logout), 0);
		}
		else {
			printf("不支持的命令\n");
		}
	}
}

int main(){
#ifdef _WIN32
	//启动window socket 环境
	WORD ver = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
	WSADATA dat;
	WSAStartup(ver, &dat);
#endif

    //用Socket API建立简易TCP客户端
	/*
	1.建立一个socket
	2.连接服务器 connect
	3.接收服务器信息 recv
	4.关闭socket closesocket
	*/

	//1、建立一个套接字
	SOCKET _sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if (INVALID_SOCKET == _sock)
	{
		printf("错误，建立Socket失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("建立Socket成功...\n");
	}

	//2、连接服务器 connect
	sockaddr_in _sin = {};
	_sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
	_sin.sin_port = htons(4567); //连接到服务端的4567端口号
#ifdef _WIN32
	_sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("192.168.1.188");	//127.0.0.1
#else
	_sin.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.75.1");
#endif
	int ret = connect(_sock, (sockaddr*)&_sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in));
	if (SOCKET_ERROR == ret)
	{
		printf("错误，连接服务器失败...\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("连接服务器成功...\n");
	}

	//3.启动线程 接收服务器的信息 recv
	std::thread t1(cmdThread, _sock);       //第一个是函数名 第二个就是要传入的参数
	t1.detach();            //和主线程进行分离  一定要进行分离，不然子线程的退出会直接导致主线程也退出，但是，主线程没有正常结束程序，就会产生问题
	while (g_bRun)
	{
		fd_set fdRead;
		FD_ZERO(&fdRead);
		FD_SET(_sock, &fdRead);

		timeval t = { 1,0 };//前面是秒 后面是毫秒       让select每隔1秒去扫描一下
		int ret = select(_sock + 1, &fdRead, 0, 0, &t);

		if (ret < 0)
		{
			printf("select 任务结束1");
		}
		if (FD_ISSET(_sock, &fdRead))
		{
			FD_CLR(_sock, &fdRead);
			if (-1 == processor(_sock))
			{
				printf("select 任务结束2");
				break;
			}
		}
	}
//4.关闭 关闭socket
#ifdef _WIN32
	WSACleanup();
	closesocket(_sock);
#else
	close(_sock);
#endif
	getchar();
	return 0;
}