网络上的主机通过ip地址相互识别,而主机上的每个进程同过端口号识别,socket用于网络编程,通过IP和端口号两个参数,相互识别,达到通信的目的。网络通信是基于TCP/IP的原理,Socket其实是对TCP/IP的封装。
socket总是成对出现,只有相互识别才能进行通信。
使用java编写一个简单的Socket:
分文客户端Client和服务端Server
Server:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(8088);//创建服务端socket
Socket socket = server.accept();//等待客户端发送请求,并建立连接
System.out.println("Server:已连接");
InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();//得到输入流,接收客户端的数据
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"utf-8"));
String message = br.readLine();
System.out.println("客户端说:"+message);//向控制台发送从客户端接收的数据
socket.close();//关闭socket连接
}
}
Client:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",8088);//创建socket
System.out.println("Client:已连接");
OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();//得到输出流,向服务端发送数据
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out,"utf-8"),true);
pw.println("Hello,Server!");
socket.close();
}
}