Spring 三种方式注入

Spring中依赖注入有三种注入方式：

一、构造器注入： 构造器注入顾名思义就是在程序组件中实现构造器，构造器可以是一个也可以是多个。

二、设值注入（setter方式注入）：设值注入就是通过setXxxx方法将bean注入到组件中

三、P命名空间注入

package cn.jjz.spring726_1;

/**
 * Created by lenovo on 2017/7/26.
 */
public class Stu {
    private String name;  //姓名
    private int age;      //年龄
    private Car car;       //车
    //带参构造
    public Stu(String name, int age, Car car) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.car = car;
    }
    //无参构造
    public Stu() {
    }

    //get  set 方法

    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }

    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    //tostring方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", car=" + car +
                '}';
    }
}

package cn.jjz.spring726_1;

/**
 * Created by lenovo on 2017/7/26.
 */
public class Car {
    private String name;
    private String color;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Car{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }
}

xml代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
     <!--车辆-->
  <bean id="car" class="cn.jjz.spring726_1.Car">
     <property name="name" value="布加迪威龙"></property>
     <property name="color" value="白色"></property>
 </bean>
    <!--设值注入-->
   <bean id="stu" class="cn.jjz.spring726_1.Stu">
      <property name="age" value="16"></property>
      <property name="name" value="旺旺"></property>
      <property name="car" ref="car"></property>
  </bean>
    <!--构造注入-->
    <bean id="stu2" class="cn.jjz.spring726_1.Stu">
       <!-- <constructor-arg name="age" value="11"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="流光"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="car" ref="car"></constructor-arg>-->
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="流光"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="1" value="11"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg index="2" ref="car"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!--p命名空间注入-->
    <bean id="stu3" class="cn.jjz.spring726_1.Stu" p:age="20" p:name="奖金" p:car-ref="car">
    </bean>

</beans>

 注意：  <coustructor-arg>是构造器标签元素，通过设定它的属性可以往构造器传递参数，name属性也可以换成index，index是可选属性，所谓可选并不是说在任何情况下都可以不使用，要视具体情况而定

    测试类代码：

package cn.jjz.springtest;

import cn.jjz.service.DemoService;
import cn.jjz.spring726_1.Stu;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/**
 * Created by lenovo on 2017/7/22.
 */
public class Spring726_1Test {
@Test
    public void a(){
    //设值注入
     ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext726_1.xml");
     Stu s= (Stu) context.getBean("stu");
    System.out.println(s);

   //构造注入
    ApplicationContext context2=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext726_1.xml");
    Stu s2= (Stu) context2.getBean("stu2");
    System.out.println(s2);


    //p命名空间注入
    ApplicationContext context3=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext726_1.xml");
    Stu s3= (Stu) context3.getBean("stu3");
    System.out.println(s3);

}