Django--form组件

1.is_valid()校验机制

def login(request):
    if request.method == "POST":#POST方法，相当于在登录页提交账号密码
        # print("收到的数据：",request.POST)
        form_obj = LoginForm(request.POST)  #与if外的form_obj不同，此包含数据信息，if外的是空对象
        #form组件校验功能
        # print('111')
        if form_obj.is_valid():
            #is_valid是一个实例方法，由form_obj调用，从Form的父类中得到，返回一个布尔值
            #返回数据全部合格，取出合格数据
            #print('666')
            return HttpResponse("success")
        else:
            #最少存在一个字段错误
            #取出错误信息
            # print(form_obj.errors)   #{"字段":["","",...]}
            # print(type(form_obj.errors))  #<class 'django.forms.utils.ErrorDict'>


            # print(form_obj.errors["user"])#{"user":""}
            # print("="*120)
            # print(type(form_obj.errors["user"]))#<class 'django.forms.utils.ErrorList'>
            # print(form_obj.errors.get("__all__"))

            all_error = form_obj.errors.get("__all__")
            return render(request, "login.html", locals())

    else:#GET方法，相当于正常访问登录页
        form_obj = LoginForm()
        # get方法,返回一个实例化对象form.obj,把它含有的信息作为一个变量传到obj里
        return render(request,"login.html",{"form_obj":form_obj})
    # return render(request,"login.html",locals())

2.钩子

class LoginForm(forms.Form):
    #定义一个类
    user = forms.CharField(max_length=12,min_length=5,
                           error_messages={
                               "required":"不能为空",
                               "min_length":"最小长度为5",
                           },
                           widget=widgets.Input(attrs={"class": "active"})
                           )
    pwd = forms.CharField(max_length=12,min_length=6,
                          error_messages={
                              "required":"不能为空",
                              "min_length": "最小长度为6",
                              "invalid":"格式错误",
                          },
                          widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"active"})  #密码显示为密文,attrs是属性，
                          )
    pwd_tw = forms.CharField(max_length=12,min_length=6,
                          error_messages={
                              "required":"不能为空",
                              "min_length": "最小长度为6",
                              "invalid":"格式错误",
                          },
                          widget=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"active"})  #密码显示为密文,attrs是属性，
                          )
    email = forms.EmailField(
        error_messages={
            "required": "不能为空",
            "min_length": "最小长度为6",
            "invalid": "格式错误",
        },
        widget=widgets.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"active"})
    )

#校验user字段，自定义字段
#局部钩子的写法：
# def clean_user(self):
#     val = self.cleaned_data.get("user")
#
#     if not val.isdigit():
#         return  val
#     else:#用户名如果全部为数字
#         raise ValidationError("用户名不能全部为数字")
# def clean_pwd(self):
#     val_pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")#用键值对self.cleaned_data["user"]方法会报错
#     if val_pwd.startswith("root"):
#         return val_pwd
#     else:
#         raise ValidationError("密码必须以root开头")

#编写全局钩子
def clean(self):
    pwd = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
    pwd_tw = self.cleaned_data.get("pwd_tw")
    if pwd==pwd_tw:
        return self.cleaned_data
    else:
        raise ValidationError("两次密码不一致！")

3.login.html

{# novalidate方法作用是不用浏览器显示提示 #}
<form action="" method="post" novalidate>
    {% csrf_token %}
    <div>
        <label for="">用户名：</label>
        {{ form_obj.user }}<span>{{ form_obj.errors.user.0 }}</span>  {# {{  }}是一个模板语言 #}
    </div>

    <div>
        <label for="">密码：</label>
        {{ form_obj.pwd }}<span>{{ form_obj.errors.pwd.0 }}</span>
    </div>

    <div>
        <label for="">确认密码：</label>
        {{ form_obj.pwd_tw }}<span>{{ form_obj.errors.pwd_tw.0 }}</span>
    </div>

    <div>
        <label for="">Email：</label>
        {{ form_obj.email }}<span>{{ form_obj.errors.email.0 }}</span>
    </div>
    <input type="submit"> <span style="color: red">{{ all_error.0 }}</span>

</form>

 

想多了解关于form组件的内容，可以访问：https://www.cnblogs.com/linagcheng/p/10015945.html