个人周记丨2020-03-15 使用缓存提高响应速度

概述

在我负责的“医疗实时监控”项目中，前端页面会将今日与医疗相关的业务信息展示出来，在这展示的内容中，80%都会涉及到患者的相关信息。最开始为了得到这些信息，是通过患者id进行二次查询，对数据载体进行组装，这导致部分接口响应效果不佳。考虑到这些患者信息大都是和当日有关，如果能将特定信息缓存到内存，需要的时候直接获取，应该会快很多。

需求说明

我想要缓存的患者信息是部分的，而非所有的患者信息；并且这些患者信息在当天产生了相关业务，过来这一天，这些患者信息大概就不会用到了。基于需求，EhCache十分符合我的应用场景，能够定制数量，定制过期时间。

实现

1.导入依赖

        <!-- 缓存支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- ehcache -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
            <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.6</version>
        </dependency>

2.在启动类上开启缓存注解

@EnableCaching

3.编写EhCache配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">

    <diskStore path="./ehcache"/>

    <defaultCache
            maxElementsInMemory="10000"
            eternal="false"
            timeToIdleSeconds="0"
            timeToLiveSeconds="86400"
            overflowToDisk="false"
            diskPersistent="false"
            clearOnFlush="true"
            memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </defaultCache>
    <!--保存100000条患者信息，24小时后过期，使用最近最少使用算法清除-->
    <cache name="patientInfo"
           maxElementsInMemory="100000"
           eternal="false"
           timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="86400"
           overflowToDisk="false"
           clearOnFlush="true"
           memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </cache>
    <cache name="drugDict"
           maxElementsInMemory="20000"
           eternal="false"
           timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="864000"
           overflowToDisk="false"
           clearOnFlush="true"
           memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </cache>
    <cache name="medicalDepart"
           maxElementsInMemory="20000"
           eternal="false"
           timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="864000"
           overflowToDisk="false"
           clearOnFlush="true"
           memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </cache>
    <cache name="medicalStaff"
           maxElementsInMemory="20000"
           eternal="false"
           timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="86400"
           overflowToDisk="false"
           clearOnFlush="true"
           memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </cache>
    <cache name="illCaseIndex"
           maxElementsInMemory="10000"
           eternal="false"
           timeToIdleSeconds="0"
           timeToLiveSeconds="600"
           overflowToDisk="false"
           clearOnFlush="true"
           memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU">
    </cache>
</ehcache>

4.编写缓存业务类

@Service
public class CacheService {

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IllCaseServiceImpl.class);

    @Autowired
    PatientInfoMapper patientInfoMapper;
    @Autowired
    DrugDictMapper drugDictMapper;
    @Autowired
    MedicalDeparMapper medicalDeparMapper;
    @Autowired
    MedicalStaffInfoMapper medicalStaffInfoMapper;
    @Autowired
    CacheManager cacheManager;

    @Cacheable(value = "patientInfo", key = "#institutionCode + '_' + #patientId", unless = "#result == null")
    public PatientInfo getPatientInfo(String institutionCode, String patientId) {
        return patientInfoMapper.selectKeyColumn(institutionCode, patientId);
    }

    @Cacheable(value = "drugDict", key = "#institutionCode + '_' + #drugCode", unless = "#result == null")
    public DrugDict getDrugDict(String institutionCode, String drugCode) {
        return drugDictMapper.selectKeyColumn(institutionCode, drugCode);
    }

    @Cacheable(value = "medicalDepart", key = "#institutionCode + '_' + #departCode", unless = "#result == null")
    public MedicalDepar getMedicalDepar(String institutionCode, String departCode) {
        return medicalDeparMapper.selectKeyColumn(institutionCode, departCode);
    }

    @Cacheable(value = "medicalStaff", key = "#institutionCode + '_' + #staffCode", unless = "#result != null")
    public MedicalStaffInfo getMedicalStaffInfo(String institutionCode, String staffCode) {
        return medicalStaffInfoMapper.selectKeyColumn(institutionCode, staffCode);
    }
    //用于项目启动加载部分数据
    public void load() {
        loadStaff();
        loadDepart();
        loadDrug();
    }

    private void loadStaff() {
        List<MedicalStaffInfo> medicalStaffInfos = medicalStaffInfoMapper.selectName(20000);
        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("medicalStaff");
        for (MedicalStaffInfo medicalStaffInfo : medicalStaffInfos) {
            cache.put(medicalStaffInfo.getMediStafName() + "_" + medicalStaffInfo.getMediStafCode(), medicalStaffInfo);
        }
    }

    private void loadDepart() {
        List<MedicalDepar> medicalDepars = medicalDeparMapper.selectName(20000);
        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("medicalDepart");
        for (MedicalDepar medicalDepar : medicalDepars) {
            cache.put(medicalDepar.getMediInstCode() + "_" + medicalDepar.getDeptCode(), medicalDepar);
        }
    }


    private void loadDrug() {
        List<DrugDict> drugDicts = drugDictMapper.selectNeed(20000);
        Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache("drugDict");
        for (DrugDict drugDict : drugDicts) {
            cache.put(drugDict.getMediInstCode() + "_" + drugDict.getDrugCode(), drugDict);
        }
    }
}

5.项目启动时，加载部分热点数据

@Component
public class ApplicationStartListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> {

    @Autowired
    CacheService cacheService;

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationReadyEvent applicationReadyEvent{
        cacheService.load();
	}
}

最后

使用缓存后，以前响应不理想的接口有了明显的改善。