SpringMVC之三大组件

一、DispatcherServlet

1、在web.xml注册Servlet

    <!--配置前端控制器：加载SpringMVC配置文件 【默认在WEB-INF下文件为 <servlet-name>-servlet.xml 】-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--自定义设置SpringMVC的配置文件位置-->
        <!--<init-param>-->
        <!--<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>-->
        <!-- 此处指向的的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
        <!--<param-value>classpath:xxx.xml</param-value>-->
        <!--</init-param>-->

        <!--设置servlet的加载时间
            默认在第一次访问时加载
            设置此标签会将servlet的加载时间提前到项目启动时
        -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

2、工作流程：

3、类的继承关系：

4、DispatcherServlet请求处理流程： 

二、Listener

1、在web.xml注册Listener

    <!--自定义监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.jason.lee.mvc.listener.SpringListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

2、实现Listener接口

public class SpringListener implements ServletContextListener {

    // Public constructor is required by servlet spec
    public SpringListener() {
        System.out.println("SpringListener");
    }

    // -------------------------------------------------------
    // ServletContextListener implementation
    // -------------------------------------------------------
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
      /* This method is called when the servlet context is
         initialized(when the Web application is deployed). 
         You can initialize servlet context related data here.
      */
        ApplicationContext ac = new  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springTest.xml");
        sce.getServletContext().setAttribute("ac", ac);
    }

    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
      /* This method is invoked when the Servlet Context 
         (the Web application) is undeployed or 
         Application Server shuts down.
      */
    }

}

三、Filter

1、在web.xml注册Filter

    <!--字符编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.jason.lee.filter.MyFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>MyFilter</filter-name>
        <!--精确配置：URL／Servlet-->
        <url-pattern>/HelloServlet</url-pattern>
        <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
    </filter-mapping>

 2、实现Filter接口

public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    public void destroy() {
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("MyFilter");
        chain.doFilter(req, resp);
        System.out.println("MyFilter");
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
    }

}