Spring注解驱动开发（六）—动态切换环境

@profile
以数据源为例，项目开发部署过程中需要切换环境，就需要调整对应的配置，此时@Profile注解就显得越发强大.

首先是主配置类

package com.my.config;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.util.StringValueResolver;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.beans.PropertyVetoException;

/**
 * 模拟动态使用数据源   开发/测试/生产环境
 * @Porfile  指定组件在哪个环境下才能被注册到容器中，不指定任何环境都能注册这个组件，默认值是"default"
 *
 */
@PropertySource("classpath:/dbconfig.properties")
@Configuration
public class MainConfigOfProfile implements EmbeddedValueResolverAware {
    @Value("${db.user}")
    private String user;
    private StringValueResolver stringValueResolver;
    private String dbDriverClass;
    @Profile("dev")
    @Bean
    public DataSource devDataSource(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        comboPooledDataSource.setUser(user);
        comboPooledDataSource.setPassword(password);
        comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cseplatform");
        comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass(dbDriverClass);
        return comboPooledDataSource;
    }
    @Profile("test")
    @Bean
    public DataSource testDataSource(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        comboPooledDataSource.setUser(user);
        comboPooledDataSource.setPassword(password);
        comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cseplatform");
        comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass(dbDriverClass);
        return comboPooledDataSource;
    }
    @Profile("prod")
    @Bean
    public DataSource prodDataSource(@Value("${db.password}") String password) throws PropertyVetoException {
        ComboPooledDataSource comboPooledDataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        comboPooledDataSource.setUser(user);
        comboPooledDataSource.setPassword(password);
        comboPooledDataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cseplatform");
        comboPooledDataSource.setDriverClass(dbDriverClass);
        return comboPooledDataSource;
    }

    public void setEmbeddedValueResolver(StringValueResolver resolver) {
        this.dbDriverClass = resolver.resolveStringValue("db.driverclass");
    }
}

其次是配置文件dbconfig.properties

然后是测试类

package com.my.test;

import com.my.config.MainConfigOfProfile;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class ProfileTest {
    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
    @Test
    public void test01(){
//      ioc容器创建完成，获取ioc容器
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfigOfProfile.class);
//      获取容器中定义的所有的组件名
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for(String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames){
            System.out.println(beanDefinitionName);
        }
    }
}

代码全了，但是如何切换当前环境呢？
有两种方式：
一种是增加虚拟机的启动参数-Dspring.profiles.active=test，表示测试环境，此时用的是测试环境的数据源如图

结果显示，testDataSource被注册进容器

另外一种就是在代码层面设置环境，只需要修改测试类

 @Test
    public void test02(){
//        创建ioc容器，用无参构造
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext annotationConfigApplicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
//        设置要激活的环境，入参是可变长度参数，可以一个，可以多个
        annotationConfigApplicationContext.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("dev","test");
//        注册主配置类
        annotationConfigApplicationContext.register(MainConfigOfProfile.class);
//        启动刷新容器
        annotationConfigApplicationContext.refresh();
//        获取容器中定义的所有的组件名
        String[] beanDefinitionNames = annotationConfigApplicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        for(String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames){
            System.out.println(beanDefinitionName);
        }
    }

结果显示