模拟https请求获取cookie

目录

 

前言

正文

HttpPost发送https请求方式

1.引入依赖包

2.重写HttpClient

3.发送请求默认带参，不传参为null就行

4.附上cookie获取代码

 

HttpsURLConnection发送https请求方式

1.重写X509TrustManager

2.发送https请求

3.附上cookie获取方法

---

前言

最近项目要求访问其他设备页面获取数据，页面多数使用https请求，用过一段时间，用过两种不同的方式，看过其他大佬们的帖子，自己总结后，在此记录一下。http请求变为https请求最主要的就是重写自己的协议认证方式。

正文

本文分为 HttpPost 和 HttpsURLConnection 两种方法，HttpsURLConnection是jdk自带jar包，HttpPost 是外部引入。

HttpPost发送https请求方式

1.引入依赖包

首先引入项目依赖的包，HttpsURLConnection是jdk自带的不需要引入，下面是引入HttpPost 依赖包。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
    <version>4.4.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.5</version>
</dependency>
		
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
    <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
    <version>6.11</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2.重写HttpClient

public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient {
    public SSLClient() throws Exception{
	super();
        //Https分为TLS和SSL两种协议，TLS可以当做SSL3.1版本（不兼容增强版）
	SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
	X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
	        @Override
	        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
	            String authType) throws CertificateException {
	        }
	        @Override
	        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
	            String authType) throws CertificateException {
	        }
	        @Override
	        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
	            return null;
	        }
        };
	ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
	SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
	ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager();
	SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
	sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
    }
}

3.发送请求默认带参，不传参为null就行

public static HttpResponse post(String url, Map<String, String> parammap) {
        HttpClient httpClient = null;
        HttpPost httpPost = null;
        HttpResponse response = null;
	try {
	    // 创建默认客户端
	    httpClient = new SSLClient();
	    // 创建Post请求实例
	    httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
	    // 创建参数列表
	    List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
	    for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : parammap.entrySet()) {
		nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
	    }
	    // 将参数进行封装，提交到服务器端
	    httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF8"));
            //根据自己需求，可以换成其他方式
	    httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
	    httpPost.setHeader("Accept-Encoding", "gzip, deflate");
	    httpPost.setHeader("Connection", "keep-alive");
	    httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01");
	    response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            //根据需求获取自己需要的cookie，我项目中需要两个
	    String CookieStr = StringHandleUtil.getCookie(response);
	    String XcsrfidStr = StringHandleUtil.getXCSRF(response);
	    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
	    try {
		InputStream content = entity.getContent();
		entity_content = RequestUtil.ConvertStreamToString(content);
	    } catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	    }
	} catch (Exception e1) {
	    e1.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
	    // 释放资源
	    httpPost.abort();
	}
	return response;
}

4.附上cookie获取代码

public static  String getCookie(HttpResponse httpResponse){
    //获取响应头信息
    Header[] headers = httpResponse.getAllHeaders();
    List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
    for (Header header : headers) {     	   
        System.out.println(header.getName() + ": " + header.getValue());   
        //可能不同项目有大小写区别，酌情修改            
        if(!header.getName().equals("Set-Cookie")){              
	    list.add(header.getValue());              
        }
    } 
    //我项目中有多个cookie，所以获取多个
    String setCookieA = list.get(0);
    String setCookieB = list.get(1);		
    if(setCookieA.length()>setCookieB.length()){
        return	setCookieA;
    }else{
        return setCookieB;
    }        		        				
}

 

HttpsURLConnection发送https请求方式

1.重写X509TrustManager

HttpsURLConnection不需引入其他依赖，直接使用jdk自带包即可（jdk1.7以上就可以，我使用的是jdk1.8）

public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
	public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
		    throws CertificateException
		  {
		  }
 
		  public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
		    throws CertificateException
		  {
		  }
 
		  public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers()
		  {
		    return null;
		  }
}

2.发送https请求

public static String testget(String url，String cookie) throws Exception  {
	     // 拼凑get请求的URL字串，使用URLEncoder.encode对特殊和不可见字符进行编码
		SSLContext sslcontext = null;
		DataOutputStream out = null;
		sslcontext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
		TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager()};
		sslcontext.init(null, tm, new SecureRandom());
		HostnameVerifier ignoreHostnameVerifier = new HostnameVerifier() {
			@Override
			public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
					return true;
		    }
		};
		URL postUrl = new URL(url);
		// 根据拼凑的URL，打开连接，URL.openConnection函数会根据URL的类型，
		// 返回不同的URLConnection子类的对象，这里URL是一个http，因此实际返回的是HttpURLConnection
		HttpsURLConnection connection = (HttpsURLConnection) postUrl.openConnection();
		connection.setSSLSocketFactory(sslcontext.getSocketFactory());
		connection.setHostnameVerifier(ignoreHostnameVerifier);
            //不填写默认是get请求
	    connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            //post请求必须设置output，需要传输参数，不设置默认为false
	    connection.setDoOutput(true);
	    connection.setDoInput(true);
	    connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            //需要传输cookie则加上，不需要可以删除
	    if(null != cookie) {
	    	connection.setRequestProperty("Cookie", cookie);
	    }
	    // 进行连接，但是实际上get request要在下一句的connection.getInputStream()函数中才会真正发到
	    connection.connect();
            //所有参数可以使用key=value的格式用 & 符号拼接起来,满足通常的post和get请求
            //例：https://192.168.11.11/pro?username=admin&password=admin123!
	    String param = "username=admin&password=admin123!";
	    out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
	    out.writeBytes(param);
	    out.flush();
	    // 取得输入流，并使用Reader读取
	    BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
	             connection.getInputStream(),"UTF-8"));
		System.out.println("Contents of get request:");
		String result="";
		String lines;
		while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null)  {
	    	 System.out.println(lines);
	    	 result+=lines;
	    }
		System.out.println(connection.getHeaderFields());
                //获取连接头中的cookie
		String CookieStr = StringHandleUtil.getCookie2(connection.getHeaderFields().get("Set-cookie"));
		reader.close();
            //请求处理完之后关闭
     	    connection.disconnect();
	    return result;
	}

3.附上cookie获取方法

HttpsURLConnection和httppost请求获取的response不同，所以获取的方式也有些不一样，下面附上代码

public static  String getCookie2(List<String> list){
		//获取响应头信息
		String setCookieA = replaceCookie(list.get(0));
		String setCookieB = replaceCookie(list.get(1));
		for (String string : list) {
                        //特定cookie请求头，可以根据项目修改或者删除
			if(string.indexOf("AIROS_1EA05E57CC5F") != -1)
				return replaceCookie(string);
		}
		return setCookieA+"; "+setCookieB;
	}