Android基础之Handler机制(四)Looper源码分析

基于8.0.0源码

##定义##

 Class used to run a message loop for a thread.  Threads by default do not have a message loop associated with them; to create one, call {@link #prepare} in the thread that is to run the loop, and then {@link #loop} to have it process messages until the loop is stopped.

个人理解

- Looper的作用是不断的从MessageQueue中取出消息传给宿主Handler来处理. 主线程不需要我们做操作,系统已经做好处理.
- 如果是新建一个线程需要使用Looper的话, 需要先调用prepare()方法来初始化Looper,然后调用loop()方法来开启循环.

方法细节

构造方法

• 我们可以看到构造方法是私有的,就是不允许通过构造来创建.

    private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
    	//创建MessageQueue队列
    	mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);
    	//得到当前的线程
    	mThread = Thread.currentThread();
    }
  

• 一个线程只能有一个Looper实例

初始化方法

• 不能通过构造方法来创建对象,那我们看系统提供了哪些方法

• static void prepare()

    //在子线程中使用Looper的时候调用
   	public static void prepare() {
    	prepare(true);
    }
  
    private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
    	if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
        	throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
    	}
    	//创建Looper
    	sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
    }
  

• static void prepareMainLooper()

    //主线程即UI线程开启的时候系统已经创建了主线程的Looper,这里不需要我们去调用这个方法
     public static void prepareMainLooper() {
    	prepare(false);
    	synchronized (Looper.class) {
        	if (sMainLooper != null) {
            	throw new IllegalStateException("The main Looper has already been prepared.");
        	}
        	sMainLooper = myLooper();
    	}
    }
  

工作线程获取Looper以及MessageQueue###

//返回当前工作线程的looper,如果当前线程没有初始化looper则会返回空
public static @Nullable Looper myLooper() {
    return sThreadLocal.get();
}

//返回当前线程正在运行的looper创建的MessageQueue,否则会抛出空指针异常
public static @NonNull MessageQueue myQueue() {
    return myLooper().mQueue;
}

loop 方法

• Looper就是通过此方法不停的从MessageQueue中取出Msg,然后再传递给宿主Handler来处理

    public static void loop() {
    //得到当前线程的looper
    final Looper me = myLooper();
    //looper没有初始化,抛出异常
    if (me == null) {
        throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");
    }
    //得到当前线程的MessageQueue
    final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;
  
    //得到当前线程的唯一标识 
    final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
    
    for (;;) {
    	//取出队列中消息
        Message msg = queue.next();
        if (msg == null) {
            // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
            return;
        }
  
    	....
        try {
    		//把消息分发给Handler,Handler来处理消磁
            msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
            end = (slowDispatchThresholdMs == 0) ? 0 : SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
        } finally {
            if (traceTag != 0) {
                Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
            }
        }
        ....
    	//消息被回收
        msg.recycleUnchecked();
    }
  

  }