lvm空间扩展_虚拟机

在安装虚拟机中，默认硬盘20G，安装完操作系统后发现根目录不够使用，然后添加硬盘40，扩展根目录空间。

[root@localhost ~] df -h
Filesystem                     Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01   18G  3.5G   13G  21% /
tmpfs                          491M   72K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      485M   35M  426M   8% /boot

添加硬盘

1. 关闭虚拟机，添加 40G 硬盘
   
2. 开启虚拟机，查看添加硬盘：

[root@localhost ~] fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

3. 对新硬盘创建分区，指定分区大小

[root@localhost ~] fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xee9b440c.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-5221, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-5221, default 5221): 
Using default value 5221

Command (m for help): w

[root@localhost ~] fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xee9b440c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        5221    41937651   83  Linux

4. 更改硬盘 ID ，默认为83，lvm为 8e 并重启操作系统：

[root@localhost ~] fdisk /dev/sdb

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xee9b440c

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        5221    41937651   8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

[root@localhost ~] reboot

5. 扩充新分区

pvcreate /dev/sdb1 　　//pvcreate指令用于将物理硬盘分区初始化为物理卷，以便被LVM使用。要创建物理卷必须首先对硬盘进行分区，并且将硬盘分区的类型设置为“8e”后，才能使用pvcreat　　指令将分区初始化为物理卷。

[root@localhost ~] pvcreate /dev/sdb1 
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdb1 　　//（其中是当前需要扩充的lvm组名，可以通过df -h查看，例如我的是： /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00） vgextend指令用于动态的扩展卷组，　　　　　　它通过向卷组中添加物理卷来增加卷组的容量。

[root@localhost ~] vgextend VolGroup /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended

vgdisplay //用于显示LNM卷组的元数据信息。

[root@localhost ~] vgdisplay 
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               VolGroup
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               59.50 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              15232
  Alloc PE / Size       4994 / 19.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       10238 / 39.99 GiB
  VG UUID               PNgbYA-sj6B-apNB-zOku-ax56-031V-RQKitY

lvextend -L +39.99G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 /dev/sdb1 //想指定lvm卷组扩展空间

[root@localhost ~] lvextend -L +39.99G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 /dev/sdb1 
  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 39.99 GiB
  Extending logical volume LogVol01 to 57.50 GiB
  Logical volume LogVol01 successfully resized

resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 　　　　//resize2fs指令被用来增大或者收缩未加载的“ext2/ext3”文件系统的大小。

[root@localhost ~] resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 4
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 to 15073280 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 is now 15073280 blocks long.

6. 完成后查看磁盘空间：

[root@localhost ~] df -h
Filesystem                     	Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01  	 57G  3.5G   51G   7% /
tmpfs                          	491M   72K  491M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                      	485M   35M  426M   8% /boot