Android发送自定义标准广播时遇到的问题及解决办法

在阅读《第一行代码》学习广播中的发送标准广播时需要以静态注册的方法实现点击一个按钮后弹出Toast

编写MyBroadcastReceiver类：

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context,"received in MyBroadcastReceiver",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

修改AndroidManifest.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.youyu4">
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver
            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="com.example.youyu4.MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
</manifest>

MainActivity.java代码：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.youyu4.MY_BROADCAST");
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

运行程序，点击按钮后发现无法弹出Toast，通过查阅网站后发现只需在建立intent后调用setComponent((new ComponentName(“包名”,“接收器类名”) )即可。

修改MainActivity.java代码，建立intent时甚至不需要添加action参数：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button button = findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.youyu4", "com.example.youyu4.MyBroadcastReceiver"));//参数为包名和类名，注意类名中要包括包名
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml中的静态注册也可以不指定action：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.youyu4">
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver
            android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
        </receiver>

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
</manifest>

点击按钮后效果：