spring学习1之（组件注册-@Configuration&@Bean给容器中注册组件）

一，xml配置文件版bean注入

1，新建一个maven工程，导入依赖，pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.dream</groupId> <artifactId>spring-study001</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.13.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>

2，新建一个Student类，代码如下：

package com.dream.bean; public class Student { private String name; private Integer age; public Student(String name, Integer age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public Student() { } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(Integer age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "Student{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}'; } }

3，配置文件版显示bean注入，配置文件为beans.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="student" class="com.dream.bean.Student"> <property name="age" value="18"></property> <property name="name" value="lisi"></property> </bean> </beans>

4,测试配置文件注入bean

package com.dream; import com.dream.bean.Student; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class MainTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); Student student=(Student)applicationContext.getBean("student"); System.out.print(student); } }

5，测试结果

信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans.xml] Student{name='lisi', age=18} Process finished with exit code 0

二，注解版bean注入

1，新建配置类

package com.dream.config; import com.dream.bean.Student; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; //配置类（等价原来的配置文件） @Configuration public class BeansConfig { //给容器中注册一个bean；类型为返回值类型，id默认是方法名作为id @Bean public Student student(){ return new Student("王五",28); } }

2，测试

package com.dream; import com.dream.bean.Student; import com.dream.config.BeansConfig; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class MainTest { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(BeansConfig.class); Student bean = applicationContext.getBean(Student.class); System.out.print("获取对象："+bean ); } private static void xmlBean() { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml"); Student student=(Student)applicationContext.getBean("student"); System.out.print(student); } }

3，测试结果

获取对象：Student{name='王五', age=28}