package ext.util;
import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.NetworkInterface;
import java.util.Date;
/**
-
名称:IdWorker.java 描述:分布式自增涨ID Java实现方案:Twitter的Snowflake 1||0—0000000000
-
0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0 — 00000 —00000 —000000000000
-
在上面的字符串中,第一位为未使用(实际上也可作为long的符号位),接下来的41位为毫秒级时间,
-
然后5位datacenter标识位,5位机器ID(并不算标识符,实际是为线程标识),然后12位该毫秒内的当前毫秒内的计数,
-
加起来刚好64位,为一个Long型。
-
这样的好处是,整体上按照时间自增排序,并且整个分布式系统内不会产生ID碰撞(由datacenter和机器ID作区分),
-
并且效率较高,经测试,snowflake每秒能够产生26万ID左右,完全满足需要。 64位ID
-
(42(毫秒)+5(机器ID)+5(业务编码)+12(重复累加))
-
@author hww
*/
public class IdWorker {// 时间起始标记点,作为基准,一般取系统的最近时间(一旦确定不能变动)
private final static long twepoch = 1545994638225L;
// 机器标识位数
private final static long workerIdBits = 5L;
// 数据中心标识位数
private final static long datacenterIdBits = 5L;
// 机器ID最大值
private final static long maxWorkerId = -1L ^ (-1L << workerIdBits);
// 数据中心ID最大值
private final static long maxDatacenterId = -1L ^ (-1L << datacenterIdBits);
// 毫秒内自增位
private final static long sequenceBits = 12L;
// 机器ID偏左移12位
private final static long workerIdShift = sequenceBits;
// 数据中心ID左移17位
private final static long datacenterIdShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits;
// 时间毫秒左移22位
private final static long timestampLeftShift = sequenceBits + workerIdBits + datacenterIdBits;private final static long sequenceMask = -1L ^ (-1L << sequenceBits);
/* 上次生产id时间戳 */
private static long lastTimestamp = -1L;
// 0,并发控制
private long sequence = 0L;private final long workerId;
// 数据标识id部分
private final long datacenterId;public IdWorker() {
this.datacenterId = getDatacenterId(maxDatacenterId);
this.workerId = getMaxWorkerId(datacenterId, maxWorkerId);
}/**
- @param workerId 工作机器ID
- @param datacenterId 序列号
*/
public IdWorker(long workerId, long datacenterId) {
if (workerId > maxWorkerId || workerId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format(“worker Id can’t be greater than %d or less than 0”, maxWorkerId));
}
if (datacenterId > maxDatacenterId || datacenterId < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
String.format(“datacenter Id can’t be greater than %d or less than 0”, maxDatacenterId));
}
this.workerId = workerId;
this.datacenterId = datacenterId;
}
/**
-
获取下一个ID
-
@return
*/
public synchronized long nextId() {
long timestamp = timeGen();
if (timestamp < lastTimestamp) {
throw new RuntimeException(String.format(
“Clock moved backwards. Refusing to generate id for %d milliseconds”, lastTimestamp - timestamp));
}if (lastTimestamp == timestamp) {
// 当前毫秒内,则+1
sequence = (sequence + 1) & sequenceMask;
if (sequence == 0) {
// 当前毫秒内计数满了,则等待下一秒
timestamp = tilNextMillis(lastTimestamp);
}
} else {
sequence = 0L;
}
lastTimestamp = timestamp;
// ID偏移组合生成最终的ID,并返回ID
long nextId = ((timestamp - twepoch) << timestampLeftShift) | (datacenterId << datacenterIdShift)
| (workerId << workerIdShift) | sequence;return nextId;
}
private long tilNextMillis(final long lastTimestamp) {
long timestamp = this.timeGen();
while (timestamp <= lastTimestamp) {
timestamp = this.timeGen();
}
return timestamp;
}private long timeGen() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}/**
-
- 获取 maxWorkerId
/
protected static long getMaxWorkerId(long datacenterId, long maxWorkerId) {
StringBuffer mpid = new StringBuffer();
mpid.append(datacenterId);
String name = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName();
if (!name.isEmpty()) {
/
* GET jvmPid
/
mpid.append(name.split("@")[0]);
}
/
* MAC + PID 的 hashcode 获取16个低位
*/
return (mpid.toString().hashCode() & 0xffff) % (maxWorkerId + 1);
}/**
-
- 数据标识id部分
*/
protected static long getDatacenterId(long maxDatacenterId) {
long id = 0L;
try {
InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
NetworkInterface network = NetworkInterface.getByInetAddress(ip);
if (network == null) {
id = 1L;
} else {
byte[] mac = network.getHardwareAddress();
id = ((0x000000FF & (long) mac[mac.length - 1])
| (0x0000FF00 & (((long) mac[mac.length - 2]) << 8))) >> 6;
id = id % (maxDatacenterId + 1);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(" getDatacenterId: " + e.getMessage());
}
return id;
}public static void main(String[] args) {
Date date = new Date();
System.out.println(date.getTime());
IdWorker idWorker = new IdWorker();
System.out.println(“idWorker=” + idWorker.nextId());
IdWorker id = new IdWorker();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
long dd = id.nextId();
System.out.println(“dd=” + dd + " === lenth=" + String.valueOf(dd).length());
}
}
}