fifo与pipe的区别:
(1)有inode
(2)不相关的进程也能通过fifo交换数据
fifo实例代码(步骤):
(1)在shell中使用mkfifo创建程序中将要用到的FIFO管道(创建fifo类型的文件)
$mkfifo –m 666 fifo1
(2)vi write_fifo.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include<time.h>
int main(void)
{
int fd;
int n,i;
char buf[PIPE_BUF];
time_t tp;
printf("I am %d\n",getpid());
if((fd=open("fifo1",O_WRONLY))<0)
{
perror("open error");
exit(1);
}
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
n=sprintf(buf,"write_fifo %d sends %ld",getpid(),time(&tp));
printf("Send msg:%s\n",buf);
if((write(fd,buf,n+1))<0)
{
perror("write");
close(fd);
exit(1);
}
sleep(3);
}
close(fd);
exit(0);
}
(3)vi read_fifo.c
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(void)
{
int fd;
int len;
char buf[PIPE_BUF];
mode_t mode = 0666; /* FIFO文件的权限 */
if((fd=open("fifo1",O_RDONLY))<0) /* 打开FIFO文件 */
{
perror("open");
exit(1);
}
while((len=read(fd,buf, PIPE_BUF))>0) /* 开始进行通信 */
printf("read_fifo read: %s\n",buf);
close(fd); /* 关闭FIFO文件 */
exit(0);
}
(4)在shell中分别编译上述两个程序如下:
$gcc write_fifo.c–o write_fifo
$gcc read_fifo.c–o read_fifo
(5)打开两个shell分别运行程序write_fifo 和程序 read_fifo