sysconf()函数——待完善……

SYSCONF(3)                                      Linux Programmer's Manual                                      SYSCONF(3)

NAME
       sysconf - get configuration information at run time

SYNOPSIS
       #include <unistd.h>

       long sysconf(int name);

DESCRIPTION
       POSIX  allows  an  application  to  test at compile or run time whether certain options are supported, or what the
       value is of certain configurable constants or limits.

       At compile time this is done by including <unistd.h> and/or <limits.h> and testing the value of certain macros.

       At run time, one can ask for numerical values using the present function sysconf().  One  can  ask  for  numerical
       values  that may depend on the filesystem in which a file resides using fpathconf(3) and pathconf(3).  One can ask
       for string values using confstr(3).

       The values obtained from these functions are system configuration constants.  They do not change during the  life‐
       time of a process.

       For options, typically, there is a constant _POSIX_FOO that may be defined in <unistd.h>.  If it is undefined, one
       should ask at run time.  If it is defined to -1, then the option is not supported.  If it is defined  to  0,  then
       relevant  functions  and headers exist, but one has to ask at run time what degree of support is available.  If it
       is defined to a value other than -1 or 0, then the option is supported.  Usually the value (such as 200112L) indi‐
       cates  the year and month of the POSIX revision describing the option.  Glibc uses the value 1 to indicate support
       as long as the POSIX revision has not been published yet.  The sysconf() argument will be _SC_FOO.  For a list  of
       options, see posixoptions(7).

       For  variables  or  limits, typically, there is a constant _FOO, maybe defined in <limits.h>, or _POSIX_FOO, maybe
       defined in <unistd.h>.  The constant will not be defined if the limit is unspecified.  If the constant is defined,
       it gives a guaranteed value, and a greater value might actually be supported.  If an application wants to take ad‐
       vantage of values which may change between systems, a call to sysconf() can be made.  The sysconf() argument  will
       be _SC_FOO.
   POSIX.1 variables
       We  give the name of the variable, the name of the sysconf() argument used to inquire about its value, and a short
       description.

       First, the POSIX.1 compatible values.

       ARG_MAX - _SC_ARG_MAX
              The maximum length of  the  arguments  to  the  exec(3)  family  of  functions.   Must  not  be  less  than
              _POSIX_ARG_MAX (4096).

       CHILD_MAX - _SC_CHILD_MAX
              The maximum number of simultaneous processes per user ID.  Must not be less than _POSIX_CHILD_MAX (25).

       HOST_NAME_MAX - _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX
              Maximum length of a hostname, not including the terminating null byte, as returned by gethostname(2).  Must
              not be less than _POSIX_HOST_NAME_MAX (255).

       LOGIN_NAME_MAX - _SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX
              Maximum length of a login name, including the terminating null byte.  Must  not  be  less  than  _POSIX_LO‐
              GIN_NAME_MAX (9).

       NGROUPS_MAX - _SC_NGROUPS_MAX
              Maximum number of supplementary group IDs.

       clock ticks - _SC_CLK_TCK
              The  number  of  clock  ticks per second.  The corresponding variable is obsolete.  It was of course called
              CLK_TCK.  (Note: the macro CLOCKS_PER_SEC does not give information: it must equal 1000000.)

       OPEN_MAX - _SC_OPEN_MAX
              The maximum number of  files  that  a  process  can  have  open  at  any  time.   Must  not  be  less  than
              _POSIX_OPEN_MAX (20).

       PAGESIZE - _SC_PAGESIZE
              Size of a page in bytes.  Must not be less than 1.
       PAGE_SIZE - _SC_PAGE_SIZE
              A synonym for PAGESIZE/_SC_PAGESIZE.  (Both PAGESIZE and PAGE_SIZE are specified in POSIX.)

       RE_DUP_MAX - _SC_RE_DUP_MAX
              The  number of repeated occurrences of a BRE permitted by regexec(3) and regcomp(3).  Must not be less than
              _POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX (255).

       STREAM_MAX - _SC_STREAM_MAX
              The maximum number of streams that a process can have open at any time.  If defined, it has the same  value
              as the standard C macro FOPEN_MAX.  Must not be less than _POSIX_STREAM_MAX (8).

       SYMLOOP_MAX - _SC_SYMLOOP_MAX
              The  maximum number of symbolic links seen in a pathname before resolution returns ELOOP.  Must not be less
              than _POSIX_SYMLOOP_MAX (8).

       TTY_NAME_MAX - _SC_TTY_NAME_MAX
              The maximum length of terminal device name, including the terminating null byte.  Must  not  be  less  than
              _POSIX_TTY_NAME_MAX (9).

       TZNAME_MAX - _SC_TZNAME_MAX
              The maximum number of bytes in a timezone name.  Must not be less than _POSIX_TZNAME_MAX (6).

       _POSIX_VERSION - _SC_VERSION
              indicates the year and month the POSIX.1 standard was approved in the format YYYYMML; the value 199009L in‐
              dicates the Sept. 1990 revision.
   POSIX.2 variables
       Next, the POSIX.2 values, giving limits for utilities.

       BC_BASE_MAX - _SC_BC_BASE_MAX
              indicates the maximum obase value accepted by the bc(1) utility.

       BC_DIM_MAX - _SC_BC_DIM_MAX
              indicates the maximum value of elements permitted in an array by bc(1).

       BC_SCALE_MAX - _SC_BC_SCALE_MAX
              indicates the maximum scale value allowed by bc(1).

       BC_STRING_MAX - _SC_BC_STRING_MAX
              indicates the maximum length of a string accepted by bc(1).

       COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX - _SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX
              indicates the maximum numbers of weights that can be assigned to an entry of the LC_COLLATE  order  keyword
              in the locale definition file,

       EXPR_NEST_MAX - _SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX
              is the maximum number of expressions which can be nested within parentheses by expr(1).

       LINE_MAX - _SC_LINE_MAX
              The  maximum  length  of  a utility's input line, either from standard input or from a file.  This includes
              space for a trailing newline.

       RE_DUP_MAX - _SC_RE_DUP_MAX
              The maximum number of repeated occurrences of a regular expression when the interval  notation  \{m,n\}  is
              used.

       POSIX2_VERSION - _SC_2_VERSION
              indicates the version of the POSIX.2 standard in the format of YYYYMML.

       POSIX2_C_DEV - _SC_2_C_DEV
              indicates whether the POSIX.2 C language development facilities are supported.

       POSIX2_FORT_DEV - _SC_2_FORT_DEV
              indicates whether the POSIX.2 FORTRAN development utilities are supported.

       POSIX2_FORT_RUN - _SC_2_FORT_RUN
              indicates whether the POSIX.2 FORTRAN run-time utilities are supported.

       _POSIX2_LOCALEDEF - _SC_2_LOCALEDEF
              indicates whether the POSIX.2 creation of locates via localedef(1) is supported.

       POSIX2_SW_DEV - _SC_2_SW_DEV
              indicates whether the POSIX.2 software development utilities option is supported.

       These values also exist, but may not be standard.

        - _SC_PHYS_PAGES
              The  number  of  pages  of physical memory.  Note that it is possible for the product of this value and the
              value of _SC_PAGESIZE to overflow.

        - _SC_AVPHYS_PAGES
              The number of currently available pages of physical memory.

        - _SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF
              The number of processors configured.  See also get_nprocs_conf(3).

        - _SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
              The number of processors currently online (available).  See also get_nprocs_conf(3).

RETURN VALUE
       The return value of sysconf() is one of the following:

       *  On error, -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the cause of the error (for example,  EINVAL,  indicating
          that name is invalid).

       *  If name corresponds to a maximum or minimum limit, and that limit is indeterminate, -1 is returned and errno is
          not changed.  (To distinguish an indeterminate limit from an error, set errno to zero before the call, and then
          check whether errno is nonzero when -1 is returned.)

       *  If  name  corresponds to an option, a positive value is returned if the option is supported, and -1 is returned
          if the option is not supported.

       *  Otherwise, the current value of the option or limit is returned.  This value will not be more restrictive  than
          the  corresponding value that was described to the application in <unistd.h> or <limits.h> when the application
          was compiled.

ERRORS
       EINVAL name is invalid.

ATTRIBUTES
       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       ┌──────────┬───────────────┬─────────────┐
       │Interface │ Attribute     │ Value       │
       ├──────────┼───────────────┼─────────────┤
       │sysconf() │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe env │
       └──────────┴───────────────┴─────────────┘
CONFORMING TO
       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.