centos7安装python3.6.6和3.7.2

python3.6.6安装

1.下载python3源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.6/Python-3.6.6.tgz

2.下载python3编译的依赖包

yum install -y gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel  zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

3.解压缩源码包

tar -zxvf Python-3.6.6.tgz

4.进入源码包文件夹

cd Python-3.6.6

5.编译且安装 

./configure --prefix=/opt/python36   # 指定安装目录为/opt/python36

make && make install  # 先进行make，执行完成之后，才开始执行make install

进入/opt目录查看python36文件夹,我们要的python3都在这里了

  /opt/python36/bin/python3
  /opt/python36/bin/pip3

6.更改linux的path变量，添加python3

修改/etc/profile系统环境变量配置文件，添加以下内容

vim  /etc/profile


#添加
PATH=/opt/python36/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

 7.  为了永久生效path设置，添加到/etc/profile全局环境变量配置文件中 ​ 重载配置文件/etc/profile

source /etc/profile

8 .进入pyhon3

[root@localhost opt]# python3
Python 3.6.6 (default, Aug 23 2021, 12:19:33) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

python3.7.2安装

1.准备环境

yum install git gcc gcc-c++ make automake autoconf libtool pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl-devel wget vim -y

yum install libXcomposite libXcursor libXi libXtst libXrandr alsa-lib mesa-libEGL libXdamage mesa-libGL libXScrnSaver -y

yum install libffi-devel -y 

# Python3.7及以上版本需要安装libffi-devel，否则安装时会报错 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ctypes'错误

2.下载Python安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

3.解压

xz -d Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

tar -xvf Python-3.7.2.tar

4.编译与安装

cd Python-3.7.2/

./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/usr/local CFLAGS=-fPIC LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"

make -j24

make install

5.做软链接

ln -sf /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
ln -sf /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3.7
ln -sf /usr/local/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3
ln -sf /usr/local/bin/pip3.7 /usr/bin/pip3.7

6.测试安装结果：

[root@localhost Python-3.7.2]# python3 --version
Python 3.7.2