ribbon负载均衡,feign负载均衡,nginx负载均衡。springcloud对dubbo。eureka对dubbo。从阿里巴巴等级的p3到p10。
举例说明,我去麦当劳买吃的,有三个窗口,三个窗口是服务端,我是客户端,我如果不傻的话肯定去人少的那个窗口,这就是客户端的负载均衡。
进程内就类似于麦当劳点餐,我看哪里人少就去哪里排队。去github code是代码,主要的是看wiki,仔细去扣就会有收获。学习准则:理论+实战。正确的思维方式+落地方法论。皮肉骨魂四种境界,魂是学习达不到的,就如架构师魂是不停地加班不停地熬夜自己修成的。消费者的负载均衡,在80工程上pom
<!-- Ribbon相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
需要整合eureka客户端。80的yml
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: false
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/
目的是80中controller的restTemplate访问服务的时候自带客户端的负载均衡,需要开启,
做到这里看不懂?完成真正的通过微服务名字从eureka上找到并访问。修改启动类,
修改客户端的访问类,成为真正的微服务,
分别启动7001,7002,7003和8001,80工程,使用微服真正的路径访问
负载规则默认是轮训。创建8002,8003工程,参考8001
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 将微服务provider侧注册进eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
同时将8001所有的东西src/main/java都放到8002和8003记得改启动类名字。src/main/resources全部都放到8001,8002修改yml端口。每个微服务对应一个独立的数据库800x就体现了。创建sql表2和3
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB02;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB02 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB02;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR(60),
db_source VARCHAR(60)
);
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
SELECT * FROM dept;
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB03;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB03 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB03;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dname VARCHAR(60),
db_source VARCHAR(60)
);
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
SELECT * FROM dept;
修改yml中数据名,服务名绝对不能动。
启动三个eureka700x,然后启动三个微服务800x,测试,其实consumer才是暴露给广大消费者
自测通过。然后启动80。记得修改
访问consumer地址连续访问三次,
以上测试证明ribbon负载均衡算法默认是轮训策略。
是一个其他的负载均衡方式,关闭80其他六个开启,如果没有显示的声明就用默认的轮询方法,80配置类中加
package com.atguigu.springcloud.cfgbeans;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RetryRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule;
@Configuration
public class ConfigBean //boot -->spring applicationContext.xml --- @Configuration配置 ConfigBean = applicationContext.xml
{
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
{
return new RestTemplate();
}
@Bean
public IRule myRule()
{
// return new RoundRobinRule();
return new RandomRule();
}
}
然后启动80刷新几次看是否是随机算法,如果不是随机还是轮询则重启所有工程再测试,ok我成功了。继续换,
@Bean
public IRule myRule()
{
// return new RoundRobinRule();
// return new RandomRule();
return new RetryRule();
}
retryrule也是 轮询,不一样的是关闭一个微服务后8002关闭,刷新页面也是轮询不过到了02时会error page,但是稍等一段时间后他会自动跳过02直接轮询01和03。自定义算法。
在80启动类添加,
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
//在启动该微服务的时候就能去加载我们的自定义Ribbon配置类,从而使配置生效
//@RibbonClient(name="MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT",configuration=MySelfRule.class)
@RibbonClient(name="MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT",configuration=MySelfRule.class)
public class DeptConsumer80_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);
}
}
@SpringBootApplication注解就有
不能放到和启动类同级或子包中。新建包和类,
package com.atguigu.myrule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
@Configuration
public class MySelfRule
{
@Bean
public IRule myRule()
{
return new RandomRule();// Ribbon默认是轮询,我自定义为随机
}
}
自定义类,模仿RoundRobinRule类,
package com.atguigu.myrule;
import java.util.List;
import com.netflix.client.config.IClientConfig;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.AbstractLoadBalancerRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.ILoadBalancer;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.Server;
public class RandomRule_ZY extends AbstractLoadBalancerRule
{
// total = 0 // 当total==5以后,我们指针才能往下走,
// index = 0 // 当前对外提供服务的服务器地址,
// total需要重新置为零,但是已经达到过一个5次,我们的index = 1
// 分析:我们5次,但是微服务只有8001 8002 8003 三台,OK?
//
private int total = 0; // 总共被调用的次数,目前要求每台被调用5次
private int currentIndex = 0; // 当前提供服务的机器号
public Server choose(ILoadBalancer lb, Object key)
{
if (lb == null) {
return null;
}
Server server = null;
while (server == null) {
if (Thread.interrupted()) {
return null;
}
List<Server> upList = lb.getReachableServers();
List<Server> allList = lb.getAllServers();
int serverCount = allList.size();
if (serverCount == 0) {
/*
* No servers. End regardless of pass, because subsequent passes only get more
* restrictive.
*/
return null;
}
// int index = rand.nextInt(serverCount);// java.util.Random().nextInt(3);
// server = upList.get(index);
// private int total = 0; // 总共被调用的次数,目前要求每台被调用5次
// private int currentIndex = 0; // 当前提供服务的机器号
if(total < 5)
{
server = upList.get(currentIndex);
total++;
}else {
total = 0;
currentIndex++;
if(currentIndex >= upList.size())
{
currentIndex = 0;
}
}
if (server == null) {
/*
* The only time this should happen is if the server list were somehow trimmed.
* This is a transient condition. Retry after yielding.
*/
Thread.yield();
continue;
}
if (server.isAlive()) {
return (server);
}
// Shouldn't actually happen.. but must be transient or a bug.
server = null;
Thread.yield();
}
return server;
}
@Override
public Server choose(Object key)
{
return choose(getLoadBalancer(), key);
}
@Override
public void initWithNiwsConfig(IClientConfig clientConfig)
{
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
在这里给小伙伴一个惊喜,那就是到本节结束springcloud全家桶源码地址:https://github.com/batare11/springCloud2018
修改自定义类,使用我们自定义的算法,
package com.atguigu.myrule;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule;
@Configuration
public class MySelfRule
{
@Bean
public IRule myRule()
{
// return new RandomRule();// Ribbon默认是轮询,我自定义为随机
// return new RoundRobinRule();
return new RandomRule_ZY();// 我自定义为每台机器5次
}
}
启动所有工程,访问80测试,测试成功!
到此为止,ribbon完毕,irule完毕。debug没什么意义,有意义的是改源码,读源码,写逻辑算法。