Hystrix断路器,熔断器,程序超时该怎么办,
只要是分布式就有服务熔断问题,弃车保帅,
在8001基础上新建工程hystrix-8001,pom文件,
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-provider-dept-hystrix-8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- hystrix -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 将微服务provider侧注册进eureka -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
com包和resources包都复制到hystrix8001,修改yml
现在模拟获取id为9的dept对象,最终返回null会报错,此时throw runtime exception,报空指针异常此时需要返回什么呢?需要类似spring里的异常通知,hystrix8001contorller,
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.DeptService;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
@RestController
public class DeptController
{
@Autowired
private DeptService service = null;
@RequestMapping(value = "/dept/get/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
//一旦调用服务方法失败并抛出了错误信息后,会自动调用@HystrixCommand标注好的fallbackMethod调用类中的指定方法
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "processHystrix_Get")
public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
Dept dept = this.service.get(id);
if (null == dept) {
throw new RuntimeException("该ID:" + id + "没有没有对应的信息");
}
return dept;
}
public Dept processHystrix_Get(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
{
return new Dept().setDeptno(id).setDname("该ID:" + id + "没有没有对应的信息,null--@HystrixCommand")
.setDb_source("no this database in MySQL");
}
}
会发现api的dept类中的方法有错误,修改后,
package com.atguigu.springcloud.entities;
import java.io.Serializable;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
@NoArgsConstructor
//@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable// entity --orm--- db_table
{
private Long deptno; // 主键
private String dname; // 部门名称
private String db_source;// 来自那个数据库,因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息被存储到不同数据库
public Dept(String dname)
{
super();
this.dname = dname;
}
public Dept()
{
super();
}
public Long getDeptno() {
return deptno;
}
public Dept setDeptno(Long deptno) {
this.deptno = deptno;
return this;
}
public String getDname() {
return dname;
}
public Dept setDname(String dname) {
this.dname = dname;
return this;
}
public String getDb_source() {
return db_source;
}
public Dept setDb_source(String db_source) {
this.db_source = db_source;
return this;
}
}
在hystrix8001启动类加注解,修改启动类名称DeptProvider8001_Hystrix_App
@EnableCircuitBreaker//对hystrixR熔断机制的支持
启动三个ureka,启动hystrix8001和80消费者,
然后去查一个库里没有的id,测试成功,
服务降级,
hystrix是在服务端的,服务降级是在客户端的,熔断器每一个熔断都会对应一个方法fallbackMethod,如果很多了的话就很不方便了,springcloud总spring思想完全可以用,熔断是业务逻辑和异常通知耦合起来了,实现解耦合处理,在接口上熔断处理,与主程序解耦,针对api中的DeptClientService中的方法进行降级,api的service包下建新类
package com.atguigu.springcloud.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import feign.hystrix.FallbackFactory;
@Component // 不要忘记添加,不要忘记添加
public class DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory implements FallbackFactory<DeptClientService>
{
@Override
public DeptClientService create(Throwable throwable)
{
return new DeptClientService() {
@Override
public Dept get(long id)
{
return new Dept().setDeptno(id).setDname("该ID:" + id + "没有没有对应的信息,Consumer客户端提供的降级信息,此刻服务Provider已经关闭")
.setDb_source("no this database in MySQL");
}
@Override
public List<Dept> list()
{
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean add(Dept dept)
{
return false;
}
};
}
}
api的deptclientservice加注解
@FeignClient(value = "MICROSERVICECLOUD-DEPT",fallbackFactory=DeptClientServiceFallbackFactory.class)
意思是改接口熔断去找fallbackFactory指定的接口,改接口实现了fallback,重新打包api,讲其他工程都关闭再打包,在dept-feign工程yml中添加,
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
启动三个ureka,启动dept-8001,dept-feign,随后故意关键dept-8001,服务注册成功,
关闭dept-8001服务,
熔断和降级不是一回事。
pom,
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-consumer-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- 自己定义的api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservicecloud-api</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Ribbon相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- feign相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- hystrix和 hystrix-dashboard相关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
yml,
server:
port: 9001
启动类,
package com.atguigu.springcloud;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class DeptConsumer_DashBoard_App
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer_DashBoard_App.class, args);
}
}
确认微服务中有
<!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
启动dashboard,访问首页:http://localhost:9001/hystrix,
出现一只豪猪,社会我豪猪,人狠话不多,看它如何对微服务的健康状况,压力状态,调用状况以图形方式展现,开启三个eureka,开启hystrix-8001,微服务能访问单个hystrix地址
http://localhost:8001/hystrix.stream
一直在不停的ping,将data信息以图形数据格式体现出来,9001在监控8001,
1是根据4和服务自己host,port来的,2是没两秒一次,3是取个名,
同时访问http://localhost:8001/dept/get/1地址,刷一次
连续访问地址,