数组[]的几种常见方法

unshift()
添加，将要给定的数值添加到数组的开头

var arr = ["西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"];
arr.unshift("桃子","哈密瓜"); //["桃子","哈密瓜","西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"]
console.log(arr);

shift() 方法
从数组中删除第一个元素，并返回该元素的值。此方法更改数组的长度。
从数组中删除的元素，如果组数为空侧返回undefined

var a = [1,2,3];
var b = a.shift();
console.log(a);   //[2,3]
console.log(b);   // 1

push()
添加,将要给定的数值添加到数组的后头

var arr = ["西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"];
arr.push("桃子","哈密瓜");  //["桃子","哈密瓜","西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"]

pop()方法
从数组中删除最后一个元素，并返回该元素的值。此方法更改数组的长度。

var a = [1,2,3];
a.pop();
console.log(a);  //[1,2]

splice(从1开始], (长度[不删除就为0, 删除几个就是几个]), 元素A,元素B)
例如 arr.splice(1, 1, “老安”,“平板”);

1.想从哪一个后面开始添加就写几

var arr = ["西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"];
arr.splice(1,0,"桃子") //["西瓜","桃子","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"]
arr.splice(1,0,"圣尼果","西红柿")  // ["西瓜","圣尼果","西红柿","桃子","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"]

2.从第一位后删除苹果，添加"圣尼果",“西红柿”

var arr = ["西瓜","苹果","雪梨","香蕉"];
arr.splice(1,1,"圣尼果","西红柿")  // ["西瓜","圣尼果","西红柿","雪梨","香蕉"]

concat()合并
将两个数组合并

var arr1 = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
var arr2 = ['d', 'e', 'f'];
//合并
console.log(arr1.concat(arr2));//["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"]
//方法一
console.log(arr1.concat("j",arr2));//["a", "b", "c", "j", "d", "e", "f"]
console.log(arr1.concat("j"+arr2));// ["a", "b", "c", "jd,e,f"]
//方法二
console.log(arr1+arr2.concat("j"));//拼接在一起a,b,cd,e,f,j

join()
将数组（或一个类数组对象）的所有元素变成字符串

var arr2=["王白菜","牛春","野老多"];
console.log(arr2.join('-'));//王白菜-牛春-野老多

reverse()
是将数组顺序颠倒

var arr = ['one', 'two', 'three'];
var reversed = arr.reverse(); 
console.log(arr);//["three", "two", "one"]

sort()排序

var arr = [1, 30, 22, 49, 31, 21];
arr.sort();
console.log(arr);//[1, 21, 22, 30, 31, 49]
arr.sort(function(a, b) {
	return a - b;//升序[1, 21, 22, 30, 31, 49]
	return b - a;//降序[49, 31, 30, 22, 21, 1]
});

filter()
数组的过滤

//	例子:过滤出数组中单词长度大于6的单词
let words = ['spr', 'limit', 'like', 'destruction', 'present'];
let result = words.filter(word => word.length > 6);
console.log(result)   //["destruction", "present"]