11、大话设计模式之抽象工厂模式

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于 2024-04-18 07:44:06 发布

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文章标签：设计模式抽象工厂模式 java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36437693/article/details/137900880

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作用：提供一个创建一系列相关或者相互依赖对象的接口，而无序指定他们具体的类。直白点就是一个工厂能生产更多类型的组件，比如电脑，有鼠标，主机，键盘等等，这个工厂就生产这一些列的东西，然后具体实现就是不同的厂商，比如联想，戴尔等等对应于具体的工厂。

1、抽象工厂模式

1、用户类

//用户类
public class User {

    //用户ID
    private int _id;
    public int getId(){
        return this._id;
    }
    public void setId(int value){
        this._id=value;
    }

    //用户姓名
    private String _name;
    public String getName(){
        return this._name;
    }
    public void setName(String value){
        this._name=value;
    }
    
}

2、部门类

public class Department {

    //部门ID
    private int _id;
    public int getId(){
        return this._id;
    }
    public void setId(int value){
        this._id=value;
    }

    //部门名称
    private String _name;
    public String getName(){
        return this._name;
    }
    public void setName(String value){
        this._name=value;
    }
    
}

3、用户类接口

类似产品A

public interface IUser {

    public void insert(User user);

    public User getUser(int id);
}

4、用户类实现

public class SqlserverUser implements IUser {

    //新增一个用户
    public void insert(User user){
        System.out.println("在SQL Server中给User表增加一条记录");     
    }

    //获取一个用户信息
    public User getUser(int id){
        System.out.println("在SQL Server中根据用户ID得到User表一条记录");   
        return null;  
    }

}

public class AccessUser implements IUser {

    //新增一个用户
    public void insert(User user){
        System.out.println("在Access中给User表增加一条记录");     
    }

    //获取一个用户信息
    public User getUser(int id){
        System.out.println("在Access中根据用户ID得到User表一条记录");   
        return null;  
    }

}

5、部门类接口

类似产品2

public interface IDepartment {

    public void insert(Department department);

    public Department getDepartment(int id);
}

6、部门类实现

public class SqlserverDepartment implements IDepartment {

    //新增一个部门
    public void insert(Department department){
        System.out.println("在SQL Server中给Department表增加一条记录");     
    }

    //获取一个部门信息
    public Department getDepartment(int id){
        System.out.println("在SQL Server中根据部门ID得到Department表一条记录");   
        return null;  
    }
}

public class AccessDepartment implements IDepartment {

    //新增一个部门
    public void insert(Department department){
        System.out.println("在Access中给Department表增加一条记录");     
    }

    //获取一个部门信息
    public Department getDepartment(int id){
        System.out.println("在Access中根据部门ID得到Department表一条记录");   
        return null;  
    }

}

7、工厂接口

public interface IFactory {

    public IUser createUser();

    public IDepartment createDepartment();
    
}

8、工厂实例化

public class SqlserverFactory implements IFactory {

    public IUser createUser(){
        return new SqlserverUser();
    }
    
    public IDepartment createDepartment(){
        return new SqlserverDepartment();
    }
    
}

public class AccessFactory implements IFactory {

    public IUser createUser(){
        return new AccessUser();
    }

    public IDepartment createDepartment(){
        return new AccessDepartment();
    }

}

9、测试和结果

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args){

		System.out.println("**********************************************");		
		System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
		System.out.println();		

        User user = new User();
        Department department = new Department();
        
        IFactory factory = new SqlserverFactory();
		//IFactory factory = new AccessFactory();

        IUser iu = factory.createUser();
        iu.insert(user);    //新增一个用户
        iu.getUser(1);      //得到用户ID为1的用户信息

        IDepartment idept = factory.createDepartment();
        idept.insert(department);    //新增一个部门
        idept.getDepartment(2);      //得到部门ID为2的用户信息

        

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("**********************************************");

	}
}

结果

2、用简单工厂改进抽象工厂

1、添加简单工厂

public class DataAccess {

    private static String db = "Sqlserver";//数据库名称，可替换成Access
    //private static String db ="Access";

    //创建用户对象工厂
    public static IUser createUser(){
        IUser result = null;
        switch(db){
            case "Sqlserver":
                result = new SqlserverUser();
                break;
            case "Access":
                result = new AccessUser();
                break;
        }
        return result;
    }

    //创建部门对象工厂
    public static IDepartment createDepartment(){
        IDepartment result = null;
        switch(db){
            case "Sqlserver":
                result = new SqlserverDepartment();
                break;
            case "Access":
                result = new AccessDepartment();
                break;
        }
        return result;
    }
    
}

2、测试和结果

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args){

		System.out.println("**********************************************");		
		System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
		System.out.println();		

        User user = new User();
        Department department = new Department();
        
        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IUser iu = DataAccess.createUser();
        iu.insert(user);    //新增一个用户
        iu.getUser(1);      //得到用户ID为1的用户信息

        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IDepartment idept = DataAccess.createDepartment();
        idept.insert(department);    //新增一个部门
        idept.getDepartment(2);      //得到部门ID为2的用户信息

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("**********************************************");

	}
}

结果

3、反射+抽象工厂

1、添加反射

public class DataAccess {
    private static String assemblyName = "cn.bugstack.mybatis.learn.";
    private static String db ="Sqlserver";//数据库名称，可替换成Access

    //创建用户对象工厂
    public static IUser createUser() {
        return (IUser)getInstance(assemblyName + db + "User");
    }
    //创建部门对象工厂
    public static IDepartment createDepartment(){
        return (IDepartment)getInstance(assemblyName + db + "Department");
    }
    private static Object getInstance(String className){
        Object result = null;
        try{
            result = Class.forName(className).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
        }
        catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (InstantiationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

2、测试和结果

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args){

		System.out.println("**********************************************");		
		System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
		System.out.println();		

        User user = new User();
        Department department = new Department();
        
        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IUser iu = DataAccess.createUser();
        iu.insert(user);    //新增一个用户
        iu.getUser(1);      //得到用户ID为1的用户信息

        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IDepartment idept = DataAccess.createDepartment();
        idept.insert(department);    //新增一个部门
        idept.getDepartment(2);      //得到部门ID为2的用户信息

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("**********************************************");

	}
}

结果

4、反射+配置文件+抽象工厂

1、添加反射和配置文件

public class DataAccess {

    private static String assemblyName = "cn.bugstack.mybatis.learn.";
    
    public static String getDb() {
        String result="";
        try{
            Properties properties = new Properties();
            //编译后，请将db.properties文件复制到要编译的class目录中,并确保下面path路径与
            //实际db.properties文件路径一致。否则会报No such file or directory错误
            String path=System.getProperty("user.dir")+"/cn/bugstack/mybatis/learn/db.properties";
            System.out.println("path:"+path);            
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(path));
            properties.load(bufferedReader);
            result = properties.getProperty("db");
        }
        catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    //创建用户对象工厂
    public static IUser createUser() {
        String db=getDb();
        return (IUser)getInstance(assemblyName + db + "User");
    }

    //创建部门对象工厂
    public static IDepartment createDepartment(){
        String db=getDb();
        return (IDepartment)getInstance(assemblyName + db + "Department");
    }

    private static Object getInstance(String className){
        Object result = null;
        try{
            result = Class.forName(className).getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
        }
        catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (InstantiationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
    
}

配置文件db.properties

db=Sqlserver

2、测试和结果

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args){

		System.out.println("**********************************************");		
		System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
		System.out.println();		

        User user = new User();
        Department department = new Department();
        
        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IUser iu = DataAccess.createUser();
        iu.insert(user);    //新增一个用户
        iu.getUser(1);      //得到用户ID为1的用户信息

        //直接得到实际的数据库访问实例，而不存在任何依赖
        IDepartment idept = DataAccess.createDepartment();
        idept.insert(department);    //新增一个部门
        idept.getDepartment(2);      //得到部门ID为2的用户信息

		System.out.println();
		System.out.println("**********************************************");

	}
}

结果