jQuery Mobile学习笔记（三）——UI组件

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-23 16:32:49 发布

爱你眼么么么

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-23 16:32:49 发布

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这一章，详细学习一下常用的JM组件。组件基本上可以分为一下几类：

工具栏组件
格式化组件
按钮组件
列表组件
表单组件

1.工具栏组件（页头、页脚）：

定位：

内联模式——页面长度超过可见高度时，页脚将被隐藏，同时页头只在滚动条在顶部时才可见（默认模式）。

标准固定模式——data-position=“fixed”，用户滚动页面内容时，工具栏会自动隐藏，滚动完成时，固定工具栏会再次在顶部或底部对应的位置出现。

全屏固定模式——data-position=”fixed”/data-fullscreen=”true”在点击屏幕时才出现的隐藏的固定工具栏，再次点击时，又会消失。

=================================================

<!–添加工具栏按钮。一般工具栏一般右侧使用肯定动作，左侧使用否定动作。

header中一个a元素相当于一个按钮，一个a元素，位于标题左侧，两个a元素，一个左一个右。可以使用class=”ui-btn-right”/class=”ui-btn-left”来强制制定按钮位置。

data-icon表示应用图标 –>

<a href=”logout” data-icon=”back“ data-rel=”back”>log out</a><!–指向上一页–>
<h1><img src=”images/logo.png”></h1> <!–添加logo标题，高度会自适应，但height<125px–>
<a href=”settings” data-icon=”gear” data-theme=”b”>Settings</a>

<!–如果不用JM的页头样式，则在data-role=”header“下加一个<div></div>标签，在里面添加内容即可–>
</div>

<div data-role=”content”>
</div>

<!–页脚中每个a元素都会渲染为按钮，可以添加任意数量的按钮，加一个class=”ui-bar“视觉效果会好一些–>
<div data-role=”footer” data-position=”fixed” class=”ui-bar”>
<a href=”refresh”>Refresh</a>
<a href=”filter”>Filter</a>
<a href=”search”>Search</a>
<a href=”add” data-theme=”b”>New Item</a>

</div>
</div>

===============================

导航栏：data-role=”navbar”，一组链接组成的一系列互斥选项。通常放在页脚。导航栏的元素控制在6个一下，以便让它们全部显示为一行。

仿微信样式：

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<div data-role=“header” data-position=“fixed”>
<h1>Home</h1>
<div data-role=“navbar”>
<ul>
<li><a href=“#index” data-icon=“home”>Home</a>
<li><a href=“#contacts” data-icon=“search”>Contacts</a>
<li><a href=“#events” data-icon=“info”>Events</a>
<li><a href=“#news” data-icon=“grid”>News</a>
</ul>
</div>
</div>

<div data-role="header" data-position="fixed">
  <h1>Home</h1>
  <div data-role="navbar">
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#index" data-icon="home">Home</a>
      <li><a href="#contacts" data-icon="search">Contacts</a>
      <li><a href="#events" data-icon="info">Events</a>
      <li><a href="#news" data-icon="grid">News</a>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

被选中的元素：class=”ui-btn-active”

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<div data-role=“footer” data-position=“fixed”>
<div data-role=“navbar”>
<ul>
<li><a href=“#index” <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>class=“ui-btn-active”</span>>Home</a>
<li><a href=“#contacts”>Contacts</a>
<li><a href=“#events”>Events</a>
<li><a href=“#news”>News</a>
</ul>
</div>
</div>

<div data-role="footer" data-position="fixed">
  <div data-role="navbar">
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#index" <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">class="ui-btn-active"</span>>Home</a>
      <li><a href="#contacts">Contacts</a>
      <li><a href="#events">Events</a>
      <li><a href="#news">News</a>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

固定页脚，不会更新（data-role=”footer“中data-id相同）：

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!– Typical jQuery Mobile header goes here –>
</head>
<body>
<div data-role=“page” id=“home”>
<div data-role=“header”>
<h1>Home</h1>
</div>
<div data-role=“content”>
<p>This is content for the home</p>
</div>
<div data-role=“footer”<span style=“background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);”> </span><span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>data-id=“main”</span> position=“fixed”>
<div data-role=“navbar”>
<ul>
<li><a data-icon=“home” <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>class=“ui-btn-active ui-state-persist”</span>>Home</a></li>
<li><a href=“#help” data-icon=“alert”>Help</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div data-role=“page” id=“help”>
<div data-role=“header”>
<h1>Help</h1>
</div>
<div data-role=“content”>
<p>This is content for Help</p>
</div>
<div data-role=“footer” <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>data-id=“main”</span> position=“fixed”>
<div data-role=“navbar”>
<ul>
<li><a href=“#home” data-icon=“home”>Home</a></li>
<li><a data-icon=“alert” <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>class=“ui-btn-active ui-state-persist”</span>>Help</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
 <head>
     <!-- Typical jQuery Mobile header goes here -->
 </head>

 <body>
    <div data-role="page" id="home">

    <div data-role="header">
            <h1>Home</h1>

    </div>

    <div data-role="content">
            <p>This is content for the home</p>
    </div>

    <div data-role="footer"<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">data-id="main"</span> position="fixed">
      <div data-role="navbar">
       <ul>
         <li><a data-icon="home" <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">class="ui-btn-active ui-state-persist"</span>>Home</a></li>
         <li><a href="#help" data-icon="alert">Help</a></li>
       </ul>
      </div>
     </div>

 </div>


 <div data-role="page" id="help">

    <div data-role="header">
            <h1>Help</h1>
     </div>

    <div data-role="content">
            <p>This is content for Help</p>
     </div>

    <div data-role="footer" <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">data-id="main"</span>  position="fixed">
      <div data-role="navbar">
       <ul>
         <li><a href="#home" data-icon="home">Home</a></li>
         <li><a data-icon="alert" <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">class="ui-btn-active ui-state-persist"</span>>Help</a></li>
       </ul>
      </div>
     </div>

    </div>

 </body>
 </html>

2.格式化组件

2.1可折叠内容data-role=”collapsible”

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<div data-role=“content”>
<div data-role=“collapsible”>
<h2>History of Rome</h2>
<p>There is archaeological evidence of human occupation of the Rome area from at
least 14,000 years, but the dense layer of much younger debris obscures
Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.[11] Evidence of stone tools, pottery and
stone weapons attest to at least 10,000 years of human presence.
</p>
</div>
<div data-role=“collapsible” data-collapsed=“true”> <!–已展开–>
<h2>Government of Rome</h2>
<p>Rome constitutes one of Italy’s 8,101 communes, and is the largest both in terms
of land area and population. It is governed by a mayor, currently Gianni Alemanno,
and a city council.
</p>
</div>
</div>

<div data-role="content">

<div data-role="collapsible">
  <h2>History of Rome</h2>
  <p>There is archaeological evidence of human occupation of the Rome area from at 
     least 14,000 years, but the dense layer of much younger debris obscures 
     Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.[11] Evidence of stone tools, pottery and 
     stone weapons attest to at least 10,000 years of human presence.
  </p>
</div>

<div data-role="collapsible" data-collapsed="true"> <!--已展开-->
  <h2>Government of Rome</h2>
  <p>Rome constitutes one of Italy's 8,101 communes, and is the largest both in terms 
     of land area and population. It is governed by a mayor, currently Gianni Alemanno, 
     and a city council.
  </p>
</div>

</div>

嵌套可折叠内容：

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<div data-role=“content”>
<div data-role=“collapsible”>
<h2>Rome</h2>
<div data-role=“collapsible”>
<h3>History</h3>
<p>There is archaeological evidence of human occupation of the Rome area from
at least 14,000 years, but the dense layer of much younger debris obscures
Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.[11] Evidence of stone tools, pottery and
stone weapons attest to at least 10,000 years of human presence. </p>
</div>
<div data-role=“collapsible” data-collapsed=“true”>
<h3>Government</h3>
<p>Rome constitutes one of Italy’s 8,101 communes, and is the largest both in
terms of land area and population. It is governed by a mayor, currently
Gianni Alemanno, and a city council. </p>
</div>
</div>
<div data-role=“collapsible”>
<h2>Madrid</h2>
<div data-role=“collapsible”>
<h3>History</h3>
<p>Although the site of modern-day Madrid has been occupied since pre-historic
times,[23] in the Roman era this territory belonged to the diocese of
Complutum (present-day Alcalá de Henares).</p>
</div>
<div data-role=“collapsible” data-collapsed=“true”>
<h3>Government</h3>
<p>The City Council consists of 57 members, one of them being the Mayor,
currently Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón Jiménez. The Mayor presides over the
Council.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<div data-role="content">
  <div data-role="collapsible">
     <h2>Rome</h2>
     <div data-role="collapsible">
       <h3>History</h3>
       <p>There is archaeological evidence of human occupation of the Rome area from 
          at least 14,000 years, but the dense layer of much younger debris obscures 
          Palaeolithic and Neolithic sites.[11] Evidence of stone tools, pottery and 
          stone weapons attest to at least 10,000 years of human presence. </p>
     </div>
     <div data-role="collapsible" data-collapsed="true">
       <h3>Government</h3>
       <p>Rome constitutes one of Italy's 8,101 communes, and is the largest both in 
          terms of land area and population. It is governed by a mayor, currently  
          Gianni Alemanno, and a city council. </p>
     </div>
   </div>

   <div data-role="collapsible">
     <h2>Madrid</h2>
     <div data-role="collapsible">
       <h3>History</h3>
       <p>Although the site of modern-day Madrid has been occupied since pre-historic 
          times,[23] in the Roman era this territory belonged to the diocese of 
          Complutum (present-day Alcalá de Henares).</p>
     </div>
     <div data-role="collapsible" data-collapsed="true">
       <h3>Government</h3>
       <p>The City Council consists of 57 members, one of them being the Mayor, 
          currently Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón Jiménez. The Mayor presides over the 
          Council.</p>
     </div>
   </div>
</div>

手风琴部件（多个可折叠内容）

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<div data-role=“page” id=“home”>
<div data-role=“header”>
<h1>@firt</h1>
</div>
<div data-role=“content” data-theme=“b”>
<!– This defines the whole collapsible set (accordion) –>
<div data-role=“collapsible-set”>
<div data-role=“collapsible” data-collapsed=“false”>
<h2>Books</h2>
<ul>
<li>Programming the Mobile Web</li>
<li>jQuery Mobile: Up & Running</li>
<li>Mobile HTML5</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div data-role=“collapsible” data-collapsed=“true”>
<h2>Talks</h2>
<ul>
<li>Velocity Conference</li>
<li>OSCON</li>
<li>Mobile World Congress</li>
<li>Google DevFest</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!– end of collapsible set (accordion) –>
</div>
</div>

<div data-role="page" id="home">

   <div data-role="header">
        <h1>@firt</h1>
   </div>

   <div data-role="content" data-theme="b">

      <!-- This defines the whole collapsible set (accordion) -->
        <div data-role="collapsible-set">
         <div data-role="collapsible" data-collapsed="false">
                <h2>Books</h2>
             <ul>
                <li>Programming the Mobile Web</li>
                <li>jQuery Mobile: Up & Running</li>
                <li>Mobile HTML5</li>
             </ul>
         </div>
         <div data-role="collapsible" data-collapsed="true">
                <h2>Talks</h2>
             <ul>
                <li>Velocity Conference</li>
                <li>OSCON</li>
                <li>Mobile World Congress</li>
                <li>Google DevFest</li>
             </ul>
         </div>
       </div>
      <!-- end of collapsible set (accordion) -->

   </div>

</div>

3.排版（类似表格）

网格不可见，占100%的宽度，没有内外边距，可定义2-5列

ui-grid-a表示2列，ui-grid-b表示3列，ui-grid-c表示4列，ui-grid-d表示5列；

ui-block-a/b/c/d/e分别表示网格的第一列至第五列。

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<div data-role=“content”>

<div data-role="content">

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<pre name=“code” class=“html”> <section class=“ui-grid-a”>
<div class=“ui-block-a”>Column 1</div>
<div class=“ui-block-b”>Column 2</div>
</section>

<pre name="code" class="html">  <section class="ui-grid-a">
    <div class="ui-block-a">Column 1</div>
    <div class="ui-block-b">Column 2</div>
  </section>

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<!– Row 1 –>
<div class=“ui-block-a”>Cell 1.1</div>
<div class=“ui-block-b”>Cell 1.2</div>
<div class=“ui-block-c”>Cell 1.3</div>
<!– Row 2 –>
<div class=“ui-block-a”>Cell 2.1</div>
<div class=“ui-block-b”>Cell 2.2</div>
<div class=“ui-block-c”>Cell 2.3</div>
</section>
lt;/div>

 <!-- Row 1 -->
    <div class="ui-block-a">Cell 1.1</div>
    <div class="ui-block-b">Cell 1.2</div>
    <div class="ui-block-c">Cell 1.3</div>
    <!-- Row 2 -->
    <div class="ui-block-a">Cell 2.1</div>
    <div class="ui-block-b">Cell 2.2</div>
    <div class="ui-block-c">Cell 2.3</div>
  </section>
</div>

4.按钮

创建按钮的三种方式： button元素/input type=”button”/data-role=”button”，默认情况下占满整个屏幕。

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<a href=“#” data-role=“button”>Click me!</a>
<button data-theme=“b”>Click me too!</button>
<input type=“button” value=“Don’t forget about me!”>

<a href="#" data-role="button">Click me!</a>
<button data-theme="b">Click me too!</button>
<input type="button" value="Don't forget about me!">

内联按钮：data-inline=”true”，这种按钮不会占满屏幕宽度

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<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-inline=“true”>Button 1</a>

<a href="#" data-role="button" data-inline="true">Button 1</a>

按钮组：

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<div <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>data-role=“controlgroup”</span>>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button”>Button 1</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button”>Button 2</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button”>Button 2</a>
</div>

<div <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">data-role="controlgroup"</span>>
  <a href="#" data-role="button">Button 1</a>
  <a href="#" data-role="button">Button 2</a>
  <a href="#" data-role="button">Button 2</a>
</div>

一行按钮（少于5个）

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<div data-role=“controlgroup” <span style=“background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);”>data-type=“horizontal”</span>>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-inline=“true”>Button 1</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-inline=“true”>Button 2</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-inline=“true”>Button 2</a>
</div>

<div data-role="controlgroup" <span style="background-color: rgb(51, 204, 255);">data-type="horizontal"</span>>
  <a href="#" data-role="button" data-inline="true">Button 1</a>
  <a href="#" data-role="button" data-inline="true">Button 2</a>
  <a href="#" data-role="button" data-inline="true">Button 2</a>
</div>

效果：data-shadow=”false”不带阴影 data-corners=”false”不带圆角

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<a href=”#” data-role=”button” data-shadow=”false” data-corners=”false”>Help</a>

<a href="#” data-role="button” data-shadow="false” data-corners="false">Help</a>

按钮自定义图标：图标应该是白色或透明的背景，18X18像素，高分辨率设备（ios）下36X36像素，data-iconshadow=”false”移除图标阴影效果

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<style>
.ui-icon-myapp-tweet {
background-image: url(icons/tweet.png);
}
@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
.ui-icon-myapp-tweet {
background-image: url(icons-hd/tweet.png) !important;
background-size: 18px 18px;
}
}
</style><pre name=“code” class=“html”><a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-icon=“myapp-tweet”>Tweet</a>

<style>
   .ui-icon-myapp-tweet {
       background-image: url(icons/tweet.png);
   }
   @media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) {
      .ui-icon-myapp-tweet {
          background-image: url(icons-hd/tweet.png) !important;
            background-size: 18px 18px;
      }
}
</style><pre name="code" class="html"><a href="#" data-role="button" data-icon="myapp-tweet">Tweet</a>

图标位置：相对文字的位置data-iconpos

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<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-icon=“help” data-iconpos=“right”>Help</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-icon=“help” data-iconpos=“left”>Help</a>
<div data-role=“controlgroup”>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-icon=“help” data-iconpos=“bottom”>Help</a>
<a href=“#” data-role=“button” data-icon=“help” data-iconpos=“top”>Help</a>
</div>

<a href="#" data-role="button" data-icon="help" data-iconpos="right">Help</a>
<a href="#" data-role="button" data-icon="help" data-iconpos="left">Help</a>
<div data-role="controlgroup">
  <a href="#" data-role="button" data-icon="help" data-iconpos="bottom">Help</a>
  <a href="#" data-role="button" data-icon="help" data-iconpos="top">Help</a>
</div>

JM图标汇总
图标	值	图标	值
向左箭头	arrow-l	刷新	refresh
向右箭头	arrow-r	向前动作	forward
向上箭头	arrow-u	向后动作	back
向下箭头	arrow-d	网格	grid
删除（X）	delete	星星	star
加号	plus	警报（警号）	alert
减号	minus	信息（i）	info
检查标记（√）	check	主页图标	home
齿轮图标	gear	搜索图标	search

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jQuery Mobile学习笔记（三）——UI组件

这一章，详细学习一下常用的JM组件。组件基本上可以分为一下几类：工具栏组件格式化组件按钮组件列表组件表单组件1.工具栏组件（页头、页脚）：定位：内联模式——页面长度超过可见高度时，页脚将被隐藏，同时页头只在滚动条在顶部时才可见（默认模式）。标准固定模式——data-position=“fixed”，用户滚动页面内容时，工具栏会自动隐藏，滚动完成时，固定工具栏会再次在顶部或底部对应的位置出现
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