numpy.random.rand()，numpy.random.randn()，numpy.random.normal()函数介绍和示例

numpy.random.rand()，numpy.random.randn()，numpy.random.normal()函数介绍和示例

1. numpy.random.rand()

• 均匀分布
• 范围 [0, 1)

示例1：

import numpy as np

np.random.rand(3)

array([0.80545471, 0.8132838 , 0.59762584])

示例2：

np.random.rand(2, 3)

array([[0.79955294, 0.56241534, 0.67593124],
       [0.16356763, 0.71001303, 0.52741388]])

示例3：

np.random.rand(2, 3, 4)

array([[[0.17844452, 0.36553281, 0.90357176, 0.78932622],
        [0.53421229, 0.13978213, 0.31328913, 0.75269785],
        [0.74034518, 0.87650927, 0.56942711, 0.32820665]],

       [[0.65900708, 0.00297576, 0.65815682, 0.10758077],
        [0.23924928, 0.5804052 , 0.05882578, 0.64222382],
        [0.07063111, 0.28341836, 0.62166267, 0.48983062]]])

2. numpy.random.randn()

• 标准正态分布

示例1：

np.random.randn(3)

array([0.35738398, 0.02672184, 0.26278804])

示例2：

np.random.randn(2, 3)

array([[ 0.93106417, -0.38827155, -0.81768464],
       [ 0.46475948, -0.27193259, -0.26922956]])

示例3：

np.random.randn(2, 3, 4)

array([[[ 0.19908743, -0.92495647,  0.9808552 , -0.47325937],
        [ 1.54989882, -0.06039804, -2.31621729, -0.88064188],
        [-1.74904243, -0.78667573,  0.5063645 , -1.07743022]],

       [[ 0.61918609,  0.64494507, -1.64160336, -0.00268071],
        [ 0.84450151,  0.24076325, -0.78033099,  1.47562072],
        [-0.21921513, -1.0934552 , -0.79426854, -0.5698212 ]]])

3. numpy.random.normal(loc=mu, scale=sigma, size)

释义：正态分布

• mu，均值
• sigma，标准差
• size，数据shape，默认一个值

示例1：

import numpy as np

np.random.normal(0, 1)

-1.304283093339154

示例2：

np.random.normal(loc=1, scale=1, size=[2, 3])

array([[ 1.87362984,  1.61234442,  0.64205185],
       [-0.13785191,  2.52394268,  1.2784189 ]])

示例3：

np.random.normal(1, 1, [2, 3])

array([[0.69187823, 0.70919534, 2.41977738],
       [1.91058404, 1.47210289, 1.90765577]])