linux字符设备驱动学习2——杂项设备驱动

Linux字符设备驱动2——杂项设备驱动

杂项设备驱动：linux中无法归类的设备定义为杂项设备。

Note1：杂项设备主设备固定为 10 ；

Note2：杂项设备会自己调用class_create()和device_create()创建设备节点。

1.miscdevice结构体

头文件：include/linux/miscdevice.h

struct miscdevice  {
	int minor;
	const char *name;
	const struct file_operations *fops;
	struct list_head list;
	struct device *parent;
	struct device *this_device;
	const struct attribute_group **groups;
	const char *nodename;
	umode_t mode;
};

Note3：次设备号minor一般使用宏MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR，表示自动分配次设备号。

Note4：杂项设备主要依赖于次设备号来管理。

2.注册与卸载

//注册
int misc_register(struct miscdevice *misc);
//卸载
int misc_deregister(struct miscdevice *misc);

Demo

1.驱动程序

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ide.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <asm/mach/map.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>


/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* 1.字符设备结构体定义 */
struct  misc_dev
{
    char    misc_opr;        //LED操作,on/off
};

struct misc_dev  miscled;/* 定义设备变量 */

/* registers */
// IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3 地址：0x02290000 + 0x14
static volatile unsigned int *IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3;
// GPIO5_GDIR 地址：0x020AC004
static volatile unsigned int *GPIO5_GDIR;
//GPIO5_DR 地址：0x020AC000
static volatile unsigned int *GPIO5_DR;

/* 2.file_operartions结构体中对应函数的实现 */
//open函数的实现
static int misc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
    file->private_data = &miscled;
    /*
        enbale gpio5 
        configure pin as gpio
        configure gpio as output
    */
    *IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3 &= ~0xf;
    *IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3 |= 0x5;

    *GPIO5_GDIR |= (1<<3);

    return 0;
}

//read函数的实现
static ssize_t misc_read(struct file * file,char __user *buf,size_t size,loff_t * offset)
{
    printk("%s %s line %d\n",__FILE__,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);
    //err = copy_to_user(buf,kernel_buf,MIN(1024,size));
    return 0;
}
//write函数的实现
static ssize_t misc_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *offset)
{
    int err;
    struct misc_dev * misc_operation = (struct misc_dev *)file->private_data;
    /*copy from user:ge data from app*/
    err = copy_from_user(&misc_operation->misc_opr,buf,1);
    if(err != 0)
    {
        printk("copy_from user error\n");
        return -1;
    }
    /* to set gpio register:out 1/0 */
    if(misc_operation->misc_opr)
    {
        /*set gpio to let led on*/
        *GPIO5_DR &= ~(1<<3);
        printk("led on\n");
    }
    else
    {
        /*set gpio to let led off*/
        *GPIO5_DR |= (1<<3);
        printk("led off\n");
    }
    return 1;
}

//close函数的实现
static int misc_close(struct inode * node,struct file * file)
{
    printk("%s %s line %d\n",__FILE__,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);
    return 0;
}

/* 3.file_operations结构体的定义 */
struct file_operations misc_drv = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .open = misc_open,
    .read = misc_read,
    .write = misc_write,
    .release = misc_close,
};
struct miscdevice misc_dev = {
        .minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR,
        .name = "misc_dev",
        .fops = &misc_drv,
};


/* 4.驱动入口函数 */
static int __init misc_init(void)
{
    int ret;

    ret = misc_register(&misc_dev);
    if(ret < 0)
    {
        printk("misc init\n");
        goto err_misc_register;
    }

    /* 虚拟地址映射 */
    IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3 = ioremap(0x02290000 + 0x14,4);
    if(IS_ERR(IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3);
        goto err_ioremap;
    }
    GPIO5_GDIR = ioremap(0x020AC004,4);
    if(IS_ERR(GPIO5_GDIR))
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(GPIO5_GDIR);
        goto err_ioremap;
    }
    GPIO5_DR = ioremap(0x020AC000,4);
    if(IS_ERR(GPIO5_DR) )
    {
        ret = PTR_ERR(GPIO5_DR);
        goto err_ioremap;
    }

    return 0;
err_ioremap:
    iounmap(IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3);
    iounmap(GPIO5_GDIR);
    iounmap(GPIO5_DR);
err_misc_register:
    return ret;
}

/* 5.驱动出口函数 */
static void __exit misc_exit(void)
{
    printk("%s %s line %d\n",__FILE__,__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);

    iounmap(IOMUXC_SNVS_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER3);
    iounmap(GPIO5_GDIR);
    iounmap(GPIO5_DR);
	misc_deregister(&misc_dev);

}

/*  6.其他完善信息 */
module_init(misc_init);  /*  入口函数*/
module_exit(misc_exit);  /*  出口函数 */
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("To Hui");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver:misc driver;Hardware operation:LED on/off");
MODULE_VERSION("V1.0.0");

2.应用程序

/*驱动测试程序*/

#include "stdio.h"
#include "unistd.h"
#include "sys/types.h"
#include "sys/stat.h"
#include "fcntl.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "string.h"

int main(int argc ,char *argv[])
{
        int fd;
        char status = 0;

        if (argc != 3)
        {
                printf("Usage: %s <dev> <on|off>\n", argv[0]);
                printf("  eg: %s /dev/misc_dev on\n", argv[0]);
                printf("  eg: %s /dev/misc_dev off\n", argv[0]);
                return -1;
        }
        // open
        fd = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
        if (fd < 0)
        {
                printf("can not open %s\n", argv[0]);
                return -1;
        }

        // write
        if (strcmp(argv[2], "on") == 0)
        {
                status = 1;
        }

        write(fd, &status, 1);
        return 0;
}

3.编译

KERN_DIR = /home/embhui/linux-sdk/Linux-4.9.88

all:
        make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules 
        $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc -o application application.c 

clean:
        make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules clean
        rm -rf modules.order
        rm -f application

obj-m   += misc_driver.o

4.应用

#挂载
insmod misc_device.ko

#查看类
ls /sys/class

#查看主设备号
cat /proc/device

#执行
# 点亮LED
./application /dev/misc_dev  on

# 熄灭LED
./application /dev/misc_dev off