对称加密算法

对称加密算法，顾名思义其加密与解密过程相同，应用于软、硬件。

1.DES

安全性低，密钥长度：JDK–>56，BC–>64
代码实现：

            //生成key
            KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DES");
            kg.init(56);
            SecretKey sk = kg.generateKey();
            byte[] bytesKey = sk.getEncoded();
            //key转换
            DESKeySpec desKeySpec = new DESKeySpec(bytesKey);
            SecretKeyFactory factory =SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES");
            Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(desKeySpec);
            //加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes());
            System.out.println("jdk des encrypt:"+Hex.encodeHexString(result));
            //解密
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
            result = cipher.doFinal(result);
            System.out.println("jdk des descrypt:"+new String(result));

2.3重DES
密钥长度增强，迭代次数提高。
代码实现：

            //生成key
            KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede");
            kg.init(168);
            //或者 kg.init(new SecureRandom());  获取默认key长度
            SecretKey sk = kg.generateKey();
            byte[] bytesKey = sk.getEncoded();
            //key转换
            DESedeKeySpec desKeySpec = new DESedeKeySpec(bytesKey);
            SecretKeyFactory factory =SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede");
            Key convertSecretKey = factory.generateSecret(desKeySpec);
            //加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes());
            System.out.println("jdk 3des encrypt:"+Hex.encodeHexString(result));
            //解密
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, convertSecretKey);
            result = cipher.doFinal(result);
            System.out.println("jdk 3des descrypt:"+new String(result));

3.AES
AES是使用最多的，弥补了DES有漏洞、3DES效率低的缺点，而且至今未被破译，通常用于移动通讯系统加密以及基于SSH协议的软件。
代码实现：

            //生成key
            KeyGenerator kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
            kg.init(128);
            SecretKey sk = kg.generateKey();
            byte[] bytesKey = sk.getEncoded();
            //key转换
            Key key = new SecretKeySpec(bytesKey,"AES");
            //加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes());
            System.out.println("jdk aes encrypt:"+Hex.encodeHexString(result));
            //解密
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
            result = cipher.doFinal(result);
            System.out.println("jdk aes descrypt:"+new String(result));

4.PBE
PBE是基于口令加密，结合了消息摘要算法与对称加密算法的优点，其特点是密文以“==”结尾。
加密过程进行加盐处理，它的作用是扰码，防破译。
代码实现：

            //初始化盐
            SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
            byte[] salt = random.generateSeed(8);
            //口令与密钥
            String password = "imooc";
            PBEKeySpec pbeKeySpec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray());
            SecretKeyFactory factory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBEWITHMD5andDES");
            Key key = factory.generateSecret(pbeKeySpec);
            //加密
            PBEParameterSpec pps = new PBEParameterSpec(salt,100);
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("PBEWITHMD5andDES");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE,key,pps);
            byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes());
            System.out.println("jdk pbe encrypt:"+Base64.encodeBase64String(result));
            //解密
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE,key,pps);
            result = cipher.doFinal(result);
            System.out.println("jdk pbe decrypt:"+new String(result));