Java多线程基础(6)：捕获多线程内的异常

多线程内抛出的异常，是不能正常通过try-catch来捕获并处理的，需要通过UncaughtExceptionHandler接口，它可以在每个Thread对象上附上异常处理器，并在线程抛出异常时被调用，我们只需通过ThreadFactory在每个新建的Thread对象上附上UncaughtExceptionHandler即可。
正常的异常处理机制无法捕获异常：

public class ExceptionThread implements Runnable {

	@Override
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		throw new RuntimeException();

	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		try {
		ExecutorService exec=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        exec.execute(new ExceptionThread());
        exec.shutdown();
		}catch(RuntimeException e) {
			System.out.println(e.getMessage());			
		}
	}
}

输出：
Exception in thread "pool-1-thread-1" java.lang.RuntimeException
	at cn.itcast.Thread.ExceptionThread.run(ExceptionThread.java:8)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

通过实现UncaughtExceptionHandler接口来捕获异常：

public class ExceptionThread implements Runnable {
	@Override
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		throw new RuntimeException();
	}
}

public class MyUncaughtExceptionHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {
//把获取异常的工作交由此处理器处理
	@Override
	public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("caught:"+e);
	}
}

public class HandlerThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
//设置需要捕获异常的线程
	@Override
	public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Thread t=new Thread(r);
		t.setUncaughtExceptionHandler(new MyUncaughtExceptionHandler());
		return t;
	}
}

public class ThreadExceptionTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 将线程工厂传入线程池，则线程池启动的线程抛出的异常都将被MyUncaughtExceptionHandler捕获
        ExecutorService exec=Executors.newCachedThreadPool(new HandlerThreadFactory());
        exec.execute(new ExceptionThread());
        exec.shutdown();

	}

}

输出：caught:java.lang.RuntimeException

如果需要给创建的所有线程都设置这样的异常处理器，只需调用Thread的静态方法设置其为默认处理器：

public class ThreadExceptionTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new MyUncaughtExceptionHandler());
		ExecutorService exec=Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        exec.execute(new ExceptionThread());
        exec.shutdown();
	}

}