Mysql主从安装

一、服务器准备

两台虚拟机：centos7

ip1：172.19.230.102

ip2：172.19.230.104

二、两台主机安装mysql

2.1 安装

#下载并安装 yum repostory
wget -i -c  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

#Mysql的GPG升级了，需要重新获取
rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

#yum安装mysql
yum -y install mysql-community-server

#lower_case_table_names=1
https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

2.2 mysql配置

#忽略大小写
#vi /etc/my.cnf
#添加 lower_case_table_names=1

#启动mysql
systemctl start  mysqld.service

#查看mysql状态
systemctl status mysqld.service

#查看临时密码
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

#登录mysql
mysql -uroot -p


#修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Autoai@123';
#修改密码级别（测试环境）
mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW; #mysql8.0
        set global validate_password_policy=0; 	#mysql5.7

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'autoai123';


#开放外部访问
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
mysql> flush privileges;


#修改mysql数据目录
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql-8.0.29
mv /var/lib/mysql /home/data/mysql-8.0.29/ 
ln -s /home/data/mysql-8.0.29/mysql/ /var/lib/ 

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参考链接： Centos7搭建Mysql8.0.29集群：一主多备_wget mysql 8.0.29_wangzhongyudie的博客-CSDN博客

注意重启服务

#解决权限目录问题
cd /var/lib
setenforce 0 #临时
#重启
systemctl restart mysqld

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三、配置主从节点

3.1 主节点配置

3.1.1 修改文件/etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#开启binlog日志
log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id=201

#默认的认证方式改为nativate，兼容mysql5.7
default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

#跳过SSL
skip_ssl

#数据库存放目录
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#创建函数时防止报错
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#设置数据库表名称大小写不敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1


重启mysql服务
 systemctl stop firewalld.service
 systemctl disable firewalld.service

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3.1.2 创建主从复制数据的用户，用于slave从master复制数据

mysql> create user 'copy'@'%' identified by 'autoai@copy';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'copy'@'%' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

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3.1.3 重置主节点，记录binlog的偏移量

mysql> reset master;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      157 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.2 从节点配置

3.2.1 修改文件/etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
server-id=202

#默认的认证方式改为nativate，兼容mysql5.7
default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

#跳过SSL
skip_ssl

#数据库存放目录
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#创建函数时防止报错
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

#设置数据库表名称大小写不敏感
lower_case_table_names = 1
Readonly=1

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重启mysql服务

systemctl stop firewalld.service

systemctl disable firewalld.service

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3.2.2 注册从节点

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> change master to master_host='172.19.230.102',master_user='copy',master_port=3306,master_password='autoai@copy',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=157;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 9 warnings (0.02 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
                  Master_Host: k8s-node7
                  Master_User: copy
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 157
               Relay_Log_File: k8s-node8-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 326
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157
              Relay_Log_Space: 540
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 201
                  Master_UUID: 98e64dfe-e6e3-11ec-b131-f01fafd2f4c3
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
       Master_public_key_path: 
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace: 
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

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四、结果

第一启动失败

通过查看主节点日志cat /var/log/mysqld.log

显示ip解析错误，猜测解析估计是DNS的问题，本地网络使用应该是需要禁用就可以

进入/etc 找到mysql的配置文件my.cnf

[mysqld]下面增加skip-name-resolve

重启从节点，果然成功！

验证一下：创建test库，从库果然可以同步，搞定！

常用命令备注

#修改密码
ALTER USER 'project'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'autoai123';
flush privileges;
#授权
grant select, insert, update, delete on an_admin.* to project@'%';
grant select, insert, update, delete on an_base.* to project@'%';