Python从入门到跑路--第七天

数据类型-列表

特点：

1.可存放多个值
2.按照从左到右的顺序定义列表元素
3.可修改指定索引位置的值

操作

增加

追加

append("")

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names.append("ddd")

插入

insert(1,"")

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names.insert(2,"ddd")

合并

extend()

names1 = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names2 = ["ddd","eee","fff"]
names1.extend(names2)

列表的嵌套

names1 = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names2 = ["ddd","eee","fff"]
names1.insert(2，names2)
#取第二个列表里的第二个值
a = names1[2][1]

删除

del 删

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
del names[1]

pop删

pop()

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
#默认删除最后一个元素并返回被删除的元素
names.pop()
#指定删
names.pop(0)

remove删

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","aaa"]
#删除从左到右第一个符合的元素
names.remove("aaa")

clear清空

清空所有元素

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names.clear()

修改

重新赋值就行

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names[0] = "ddd"

查询

index()–返回元素在列表里的索引

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names.index("aaa")

count()–返回元素在列表里出现的次数

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc"]
names.count("aaa")

切片

取出列表当中的多个值

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names[1:3]

左闭右开
如果想取最后一个元素那么冒号后面可以不写
倒着切片

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names[-3:-1]

步长

隔多少步切一次，默认为1

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names[0:-1:2]

结果为

["aaa","ccc","eee"]

还有一种情况–之前的切片，我想倒着切
步长设置为-1

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names[-1:-6:-1]

结果

["fff","eee","ddd","ccc","bbb"]

而且他整个的顺序也会倒过来，同时这个方法也适用于字符串的反转

排序

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names.sort()

反转

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
names.reverse()

循环

names = ["aaa","bbb","ccc","ddd","eee","fff"]
for i in names:
	print(i)