Junit单元测试中Assert断言的使用

 

Junit测试框架中Assert类就是实现断言的工具,主要作用如下:单元测试用于判断某个特定条件下某个方法的行为;执行单元测试为了证明某段代码的执行结果和期望的一致,下面介绍Junit测试库中几种常用的断言。

 

1、如果导入的包为

import org.springframework.util.Assert;

使用方式

Assert.isTrue(判断成功的条件,不符合该条件时的提示String)

 

2、如果导包为静态导入:import static org.junit.Assert.*; import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;

 

assertEquals(expected, actual):查看两个对象是否相等。类似于字符串比较使用的equals()方法;

assertNotEquals(first, second):查看两个对象是否不相等。

expected为用户期望某一时刻对象的值,actual为某一时刻对象实际的值。如果这两值相等的话(通过对象的equals方法比较),说明代码运行是正确的。

assertNull(object):查看对象是否为空。

assertNotNull(object):查看对象是否不为空。

assertSame(expected, actual):查看两个对象的引用是否相等,类似于使用“==”比较两个对象;

assertNotSame(unexpected, actual):查看两个对象的引用是否不相等,类似于使用“!=”比较两个对象。

assertTrue(String message, boolean condition) 要求condition == true,查看运行的结果是否为true;

assertFalse(String message, boolean condition) 要求condition == false,查看运行的结果是否为false。

以判断某个条件是真还是假,如果和预期的值相同则测试成功,否则测试失败。

assertArrayEquals(String message, XXX[] expecteds,XXX [] actuals) 要求expected.equalsArray(actual),即查看两个数组是否相等。

assertThat(String reason, T actual, Matcher matcher) :要求matcher.matches(actual) == true,使用Matcher做自定义的校验。

fail:能使测试立即失败,这种断言通常用于标记某个不应该被到达的分支。通常用于测试在应该抛出异常的时候确实会抛出异常。

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