Java 克隆

克隆

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如People p=p1;
这不是克隆，而是两个对象指向一个堆。

@Test
    public void test() {
        Teacher teacher=new Teacher("男");
        People p=new People(10,"张三",teacher);
        People p1=p;//指向一个堆
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        p.setName("李四");//修改p对象的值，p1也随之改变。
        System.out.println(p1.getName());
    }

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浅克隆

仅仅是对对象成员的克隆。

1. 克隆对象的类实现Cloneable接口，重写里面的克隆方法，让其对象可以访问clone(),clone()不需做任何改动。
2. 在需要的位置调用clone()克隆给另一个对象。

class Teacher{
    private String sex;
    public Teacher(){}
    public Teacher(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

class People implements Cloneable{
    private Teacher teacher;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public People(){}

    public People(int age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public People(int age, String name,Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return age+"--"+name;
    }
}

@Test
    public void test2() {
        Teacher teacher=new Teacher("男");
        People p=new People(10,"张三",teacher);
        try {
            People p2=(People)p.clone();
            System.out.println(p.getAge());
            System.out.println(p2.getAge());
            p.setAge(11);
            System.out.println(p.getAge());//只p自己变为11
            System.out.println(p2.getAge());//p2不变克隆成功
            System.out.println(p.getTeacher().getSex());
            System.out.println(p2.getTeacher().getSex());
            p.getTeacher().setSex("女");
            System.out.println(p.getTeacher().getSex());                       System.out.println(p2.getTeacher().getSex());
            //p p2都发生改变，克隆失败，由此可见浅克隆只能克隆本身，而不能克隆通过其他字段关联的其他对象
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

深克隆

不仅克隆自身对象成员，而其还克隆通过其他字段关联的其他对象。

1. 在浅克隆的基础上，关联的其他对象的类也要实现Cloneable接口，并重写clone(),clone不需进行改动。
2. 为关联的对象封装好getter/setter,并添加带对象的构造器。
3. 此时要重写clone() 将A1 指向B的箭头指向B1。

class People implements Cloneable{
    private Teacher teacher;
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public People(){}

    public People(int age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public People(int age, String name,Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher getTeacher() {
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
//        return super.clone();
        People p=(People)super.clone();
        p.teacher=(Teacher) this.teacher.clone();
        return p;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return age+"--"+name;
    }
}

class Teacher implements Cloneable{
    private String sex;
    public Teacher(){}

    public Teacher(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

@Test
    public void test3() {
        Teacher teacher=new Teacher("男");
        People p=new People(10,"张三",teacher);
        try {
            People p2=(People)p.clone();
            System.out.println(p.getAge());
            System.out.println(p2.getAge());
            p.setAge(11);
            System.out.println(p.getAge());//只p自己变为11
            System.out.println(p2.getAge());//p2不变克隆成功            System.out.println(p.getTeacher().getSex());            System.out.println(p2.getTeacher().getSex());
            p.getTeacher().setSex("女");            System.out.println(p.getTeacher().getSex());//只p自己变为，克隆成功            System.out.println(p2.getTeacher().getSex());
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }