ZOJ 3209 Treasure Map （Dancing Links）

题目链接：http://acm.zju.edu.cn/onlinejudge/showProblem.do?problemId=3372

题目大意：给p个方块，问最少的方块数目精确覆盖n*m的矩形。若不存在则输出-1。

题目思路：这是一个DLX精确覆盖的模板题。

把每个格子当成一个列，要覆盖所有格子。

取x行，使得每一列都存在一个1 —-> 从p中取x个格子。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
const int maxnode = 500010;
const int MaxM = 1010;
const int MaxN = 510;
struct DLX
{
    int n,m,size;
    int U[maxnode],D[maxnode],R[maxnode],L[maxnode],Row[maxnode],Col[maxnode];
    int H[MaxN],S[MaxM];
    int ansd;
    void init(int _n,int _m)
    {
        n = _n;
        m = _m;
        for(int i = 0;i <= m;i++)
        {
            S[i] = 0;
            U[i] = D[i] = i;
            L[i] = i-1;
            R[i] = i+1;
        }
        R[m] = 0; L[0] = m;
        size = m;
        for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
            H[i] = -1;
    }
    void Link(int r,int c)
    {
        ++S[Col[++size]=c];
        Row[size] = r;
        D[size] = D[c];
        U[D[c]] = size;
        U[size] = c;
        D[c] = size;
        if(H[r] < 0)H[r] = L[size] = R[size] = size;
        else
        {
            R[size] = R[H[r]];
            L[R[H[r]]] = size;
            L[size] = H[r];
            R[H[r]] = size;
        }
    }
    void remove(int c)
    {
        L[R[c]] = L[c]; R[L[c]] = R[c];
        for(int i = D[c];i != c;i = D[i])
            for(int j = R[i];j != i;j = R[j])
            {
                U[D[j]] = U[j];
                D[U[j]] = D[j];
                --S[Col[j]];
            }
    }
    void resume(int c)
    {
        for(int i = U[c];i != c;i = U[i])
            for(int j = L[i];j != i;j = L[j])
                ++S[Col[U[D[j]]=D[U[j]]=j]];
        L[R[c]] = R[L[c]] = c;
    }
    void Dance(int d)
    {
        //剪枝下
        if(ansd != -1 && ansd <= d)return;
        if(R[0] == 0)
        {
            if(ansd == -1)ansd = d;
            else if(d < ansd)ansd = d;
            return;
        }
        int c = R[0];
        for(int i = R[0];i != 0;i = R[i])
            if(S[i] < S[c])
                c = i;
        remove(c);
        for(int i = D[c];i != c;i = D[i])
        {
            for(int j = R[i];j != i;j = R[j])remove(Col[j]);
            Dance(d+1);
            for(int j = L[i];j != i;j = L[j])resume(Col[j]);
        }
        resume(c);
    }
};
DLX g;

int main()
{
    //freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    //freopen("out.txt","w",stdout);
    int T;
    int n,m,p;
    scanf("%d",&T);
    while(T--)
    {
        scanf("%d%d%d",&n,&m,&p);
        g.init(p,n*m);
        int x1,y1,x2,y2;
        for(int k = 1;k <= p;k++)
        {
            scanf("%d%d%d%d",&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);
            for(int i = x1+1;i <= x2;i++)
                for(int j = y1+1;j <= y2;j++)
                    g.Link(k,j + (i-1)*m);
        }
        g.ansd = -1;
        g.Dance(0);
        printf("%d\n",g.ansd);
    }
    return 0;
}