jcmd、jstack、jstat、jmap的应用

背景

说明

java堆栈信息应用

jcmd: Java cmd

功能： 导出堆、查看Java进程、导出线程信息、执行GC

我一般用来查看机器上的jvm进程pid, 和jps是一样的

jcmd
jps

jstack: Java stack

功能：分析java应用的线程堆栈信息

在代码设计层面、code review基本就杜绝了,所以我在实际中没有使用过该工具

Usage:
    jstack [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jstack -F [-m] [-l] <pid>
        (to connect to a hung process)
    jstack [-m] [-l] <executable> <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jstack [-m] [-l] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to a remote debug server)

Options:
    -F  to force a thread dump. Use when jstack <pid> does not respond (process is hung)
    -m  to print both java and native frames (mixed mode)
    -l  long listing. Prints additional information about locks
    -h or -help to print this help message

jstat

功能：用于查看堆内存各年代的使用量，加载类的使用量

当发生堆溢出导致项目无法使用的时候，用jstat分析各内存使用情况，分析gc情况，使用为 jstat -gcold pid

Usage: jstat -help|-options
       jstat -<option> [-t] [-h<lines>] <vmid> [<interval> [<count>]]

Definitions:
  <option>      An option reported by the -options option
  <vmid>        Virtual Machine Identifier. A vmid takes the following form:
                     <lvmid>[@<hostname>[:<port>]]
                Where <lvmid> is the local vm identifier for the target
                Java virtual machine, typically a process id; <hostname> is
                the name of the host running the target Java virtual machine;
                and <port> is the port number for the rmiregistry on the
                target host. See the jvmstat documentation for a more complete
                description of the Virtual Machine Identifier.
  <lines>       Number of samples between header lines.
  <interval>    Sampling interval. The following forms are allowed:
                    <n>["ms"|"s"]
                Where <n> is an integer and the suffix specifies the units as 
                milliseconds("ms") or seconds("s"). The default units are "ms".
  <count>       Number of samples to take before terminating.
  -J<flag>      Pass <flag> directly to the runtime system.



--options:

-class              类加载器
-compiler           JIT
-gc                 gc堆状态
-gccapacity         各区大小
-gccause            最近一次Gc信息统计
-gcmetacapacity     
-gcnew
-gcnewcapacity
-gcold
-gcoldcapacity
-gcutil             Gc统计汇总
-printcompilation   HotSpot编译统计

jmap

功能：查看堆内对象的统计信息，ClassLoader 的信息以及 finalizer 队列。可以生成java程序的dump程序

我一般只应用 jmap histo pid 查看对象的统计信息

Usage:
    jmap [option] <pid>
        (to connect to running process)
    jmap [option] <executable <core>
        (to connect to a core file)
    jmap [option] [server_id@]<remote server IP or hostname>
        (to connect to remote debug server)

where <option> is one of:
    <none>               to print same info as Solaris pmap
    -heap                to print java heap summary
    -histo[:live]        to print histogram of java object heap; if the "live"
                         suboption is specified, only count live objects
    -clstats             to print class loader statistics
    -finalizerinfo       to print information on objects awaiting finalization
    -dump:<dump-options> to dump java heap in hprof binary format
                         dump-options:
                           live         dump only live objects; if not specified,
                                        all objects in the heap are dumped.
                           format=b     binary format
                           file=<file>  dump heap to <file>
                         Example: jmap -dump:live,format=b,file=heap.bin <pid>
    -F                   force. Use with -dump:<dump-options> <pid> or -histo
                         to force a heap dump or histogram when <pid> does not
                         respond. The "live" suboption is not supported
                         in this mode.
    -h | -help           to print this help message
    -J<flag>             to pass <flag> directly to the runtime system

堆栈溢出的可能性

堆

1. poi非流式导出大量数据
2. 全局容器存储对象的引用导致对象无法Gc
3. new 对象太多
4. 做业务计算时使用的对象太多 select * from table;

栈 程序所要求的栈深度过大

1. 递归导致
2. 死循环