需求背景
2023年11月份接到需求:将8张表数据文件导入到Doris中,数据文件是txt格式存放在zip内,平均每天数据量80亿,占磁盘空间300G
以前从来没接触过Doris数据库,所以初版用的jdbc批量导入,也用了一些代码层面的导入优化,效果不理想
查看Doris官网后发现有很多种导入方式
经过实战streamLoad方式导入效率快又稳,已经稳定运行三个月
效果图
正题---代码部分
工具类
package io.geekidea.boot.utils;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileTypeUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.FileEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRedirectStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
/*
这是一个 Doris Stream Load 示例,需要依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>
*/
@Slf4j
public class DorisStreamLoader implements Runnable {
//可以选择填写 FE 地址以及 FE 的 http_port,但须保证客户端和 BE 节点的连通性。
private String HOST;
private int PORT;
// 要导入的数据库
private String DATABASE;
// Doris 密码
private String username;
// Doris 用户名
private String password;
private static String TABLE = ""; // 要导入的表
private static String COLUMNS = ""; // 要导入的表字段顺序
private static File sourceFile;//源文件
private static String toFilePath;//目标文件路径
private static String errorPath;//失败文件路径
private static String Separator;//目标文件路径
private static String LOAD_FILE_NAME = "/path/to/1.txt"; // 要导入的本地文件路径
public DorisStreamLoader(String host,int port,String database,String username,String password,String table, String columns,File sourceFile,String toFilePath,String Separator,String errorPath) {
this.HOST = host;
this.PORT = port;
this.DATABASE = database;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.TABLE = table;
this.COLUMNS = columns;
this.sourceFile = sourceFile;
this.toFilePath = toFilePath;
this.Separator = Separator;
this.errorPath = errorPath;
}
private final static HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClients
.custom()
.setRedirectStrategy(new DefaultRedirectStrategy() {
@Override
protected boolean isRedirectable(String method) {
// 如果连接目标是 FE,则需要处理 307 redirect。
return true;
}
});
@Override
public void run() {
load(sourceFile,toFilePath);
}
/**
* doris stream load
* @param file 导入文件
* @param toFile 导入后移动路径
*/
public void load(File file,String toFile) {
try (CloseableHttpClient client = httpClientBuilder.build()) {
HttpPut put = new HttpPut(String.format("http://%s:%s/api/%s/%s/_stream_load",
HOST, PORT, DATABASE, TABLE));
put.setHeader(HttpHeaders.EXPECT, "100-continue");
put.setHeader(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, basicAuthHeader(username, password));
// 可以在 Header 中设置 stream load 相关属性,这里我们设置 label 和 column_separator。
// 不设置时候 Doris会生成默认的
//put.setHeader("label","label1");
String type = FileTypeUtil.getType(file);
put.setHeader("format",type);
put.setHeader("columns",COLUMNS);
// 设置错误行过滤比例
put.setHeader("max_filter_ratio","0.1");
put.setHeader("column_separator",Separator);
// 设置导入文件。
// 这里也可以使用 StringEntity 来传输任意数据。
FileEntity entity = new FileEntity(file);
put.setEntity(entity);
log.info("Put request: {}==={}==={}",file.getName(), String.format("http://%s:%s/api/%s/%s/_stream_load",
HOST, PORT, DATABASE, TABLE),COLUMNS);
try (CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(put)) {
String loadResult = "";
if (response.getEntity() != null) {
loadResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
}
final int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (statusCode != 200) {
throw new IOException(
String.format("导入失败. status: %s load result: %s", statusCode, loadResult));
}else {
JSONObject json = new JSONObject(loadResult);
if(json.getStr("Status").equals("Success") || json.getStr("Status").contains("Publish")){
FileUtil.move(file,new File(toFile),true);
log.info("导入成功");
}else {
FileUtil.move(file,new File(toFile),true);
log.info("导入失败");
}
}
log.info("Get load result: {}", loadResult);
}
}catch (Exception e) {
FileUtil.move(file,new File(toFile),true);
log.error("上传文件:{}到Doris报错{}",file.getName(),e);
}
}
private String basicAuthHeader(String username, String password) {
final String tobeEncode = username + ":" + password;
//log.info("用户名:密码{}",tobeEncode);
byte[] encoded = Base64.encodeBase64(tobeEncode.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return "Basic " + new String(encoded);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
//DorisStreamLoader loader = new DorisStreamLoader();
//File file = new File(LOAD_FILE_NAME);
//loader.load(file,"/app/file");
}
}
具体使用
此处可以自行更改为并发提交:如果提交过猛会导入失败,根据自己数据库集群性能更改。
public void Import(String folders) {
//文件所在目录:folders + unzipTargetPath
//cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
List<File> unzipTxt = FileUtil.loopFiles(folders + unzipTargetPath);
log.info("需要导入文件数量{}", unzipTxt.size());
for (File file : unzipTxt) {
Map<String, String> map = getColumn(file.getName());
new DorisStreamLoader(
sdkConfig.getTargetIp(),
sdkConfig.getTargetPort(),
sdkConfig.getTargetDatabase(),
sdkConfig.getTargetUsername(),
sdkConfig.getTargetPassword(),
map.get("table"), map.get("columns"), file, folders + movePath + file.getName(),
"\\u0002",
folders + errorPath + file.getName()).run();
}
}
//获取表名和字段
private Map<String, String> getColumn(String path) {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
if (path.contains("ip")) {
map.put("table", "tableName");
map.put("columns", "A,B,C,D,E");
}
//省略。。。。
return map;
}