Thymeleaf语法的基本使用

SpringBoot导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>

其他导入

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

然后需要在html页面的html标签中加入xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"命名空间。

然后使用th:元素名替换html的元素，即可使用thymeleaf表达式。

th:任意html属性：替代原生属性的值

th:text ：改变当前元素里面的文本内容。
例：

<div id="div01" class="myDiv" th:id="${hello}" th:class="${hello}" th:text="${hello}"></div>

表达式

Simple expressions（表达式语法）

1. Variable Expressions: ${…} //获取变量值，底层是OGNL表达式

1. 获取对象属性、调用方法
   例：
   1. ${person.father.name}
   2. ${person.createCompleteName()}
2. 使用内置的基本对象

   #ctx : the context object. 
   #vars: the context variables. 
   #locale : the context locale. 
   #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. 
   #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. 
   #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. 
   #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
   

   例：
   1. ${session.size()}
   2. ${#request.getParameter(‘foo’)}
3. 内置的一些工具对象

   #execInfo : information about the template being processed. 
   #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax. 
   #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
   #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any). 
   #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc. 
   #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects. 
   #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects. 
   #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc. 
   #objects : methods for objects in general. 
   #bools : methods for boolean evaluation. 
   #arrays : methods for arrays. 
   #lists : methods for lists. 
   #sets : methods for sets. 
   #maps : methods for maps. 
   #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections. 
   #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
   

   例：
   1. ${#numbers.sequence(from,to)}
   2. ${#strings.toString(obj)}

2. Selection Variable Expressions: *{…} //选择表达式

和${}在功能上是一样的，但是比 ${}多一个功能，需要配合th:object使用。
例：

<div th:object="${session.user}"> 
	<!--此时的*{firstName}等同于${session.user.firstName}-->
	<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> 
	<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> 
	<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> 
</div>

等同于

<div> 
	<p>Name: <span th:text="${session.user.firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> 
	<p>Surname: <span th:text="${session.user.lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> 
	<p>Nationality: <span th:text="${session.user.nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> 
</div>

3. Message Expressions: #{…} //获取国际化内容

<p th:utext="#{home.welcome}">Welcome to our grocery store!</p>

结果：

home.welcome=¡Bienvenido a nuestra tienda de comestibles!	//西班牙语

4. Link URL Expressions: @{…} //定义URL

<!-- Will produce 'http://localhost:8080/gtvg/order/details?orderId=3' (plus rewriting) --> 
<!--使用@{}在url中传参时用()代替?，多个参数用,逗号分隔，并且在@{}中可以使用${}获取值-->
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{http://localhost:8080/gtvg/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a> 
<!-- Will produce '/gtvg/order/details?orderId=3' (plus rewriting) --> 
<!--@{}中，最前面/代表当前项目下-->
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>
 <!-- Will produce '/gtvg/order/3/details' (plus rewriting) --> 
 <!--在@{}中可以直接用{变量名}获取值-->
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{/order/{orderId}/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

5. Fragment Expressions: ~{…} //片段引用表达式

<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>

thymeleaf的三种引入功能片段属性：

• th:insert ：将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中
• th:replace ：将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段
• th:include ：将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中
  三种引入属性的区别

<!--抽取片段-->
<footer th:fragment="copy">
	&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery 
</footer>

<!--三种引入方式-->
<!--1-->
<div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div> 
<!--2-->
<div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div> 
<!--3-->
<div th:include="footer :: copy"></div> 

<!--效果-->
<!--1-->
<div> 
	<footer> 
		&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery 
	</footer> 
</div> 
<!--2-->
<footer>
	 &copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery 
</footer> 
<!--3-->
 <div> 
 	&copy; 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery 
</div>

Literals （字面量）

1. Text literals(字符串): ‘one text’ , ‘Another one!’ ,…

2. Number literals(数字): 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…

3. Boolean literals(布尔值): true , false

4. Null literal(null值): null

5. Literal tokens(多数据 ,逗号分隔): one , sometext , main ,…

Text operations（文本操作）

1. String concatenation: +

2. Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|

Arithmetic operations（数学运算）

1. Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %

2. Minus sign (unary operator): -

Boolean operations（布尔运算）

1. Binary operators: and , or

2. Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not

Comparisons and equality（比较运算）

1. Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )

2. Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )

Conditional operators（条件运算，三元运算符）

1. If-then: (if) ? (then)

2. If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)

3. Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)

Special tokens（特殊操作，即_代表不操作）

1. No-Operation: _

标签内写法

如果想在标签内直接使用变量，需要遵循特定的语法。

<p>Hello, [[${session.user.name}]]!</p>

等同于

<p>Hello, <span th:text="${session.user.name}">Sebastian</span>!</p>

[[]]：如同th:text

例：

<p>The message is "[[${msg}]]"</p>

等同于

<p>The message is "This is &lt;b&gt;great!&lt;/b&gt;"</p>

[()]：如同th:utext

例：

<p>The message is "[(${msg})]"</p>

等同于

<p>The message is "This is <b>great!</b>"</p>