前言
最近工作中发现同事写代码遗留了一个bug,在使用Collectors.toMap的时候会出现Exception in thread “main” java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key XXX的错误,下面对当时的问题代码进行复现,并提出解决方案进行解决。
问题复现
问题代码示例如下:
public class Test1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
userList.add(new User(1L, "aaa"));
userList.add(new User(2L, "bbb"));
userList.add(new User(3L, "ccc"));
userList.add(new User(2L, "ddd"));
userList.add(new User(3L, "eee"));
Map<Long, String> map = userList.stream()
.collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getId, User::getName));
System.out.println(map);
}
}
}
实体User定义如下:
@AllArgsConstructor
@Data
public class User {
private Long id;
private String name;
}
运行上述代码将会报出如下的错误:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalStateException: Duplicate key bbb
at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$throwingMerger$0(Collectors.java:133)
at java.util.HashMap.merge(HashMap.java:1254)
at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$toMap$58(Collectors.java:1320)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)
at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1382)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
at com.stream.toMapTest.Test1.main(Test1.java:27)
问题原因也很显然,是因为在将User的List集合转换为Map集合时出现了重复的Key导致,key重复的问题在工作中也经常出现,比如商品的skuId、订单id等。那么如何解决这个问题呢?
解决方案
其实方法很简单,只需要使用Collector.toMap()的另外一个api即可,具体如下:
public static <T, K, U>
Collector<T, ?, Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) {
return toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction, HashMap::new);
}
public class Test1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
userList.add(new User(1L, "aaa"));
userList.add(new User(2L, "bbb"));
userList.add(new User(3L, "ccc"));
userList.add(new User(2L, "ddd"));
userList.add(new User(3L, "eee"));
Map<Long, String> map = userList.stream()
.collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getId, User::getName, (v1,v2)->v2));
System.out.println(map);
}
}