java1.8常用时间类格式化DateTimeFormatter

public final class DateTimeFormatter
extends Object

Formatter for printing and parsing date-time objects.

This class provides the main application entry point for printing and parsing and provides common implementations of DateTimeFormatter:

• Using predefined constants, such as ISO_LOCAL_DATE
• Using pattern letters, such as uuuu-MMM-dd
• Using localized styles, such as long or medium

More complex formatters are provided by DateTimeFormatterBuilder.

The main date-time classes provide two methods - one for formatting, format(DateTimeFormatter formatter), and one for parsing, parse(CharSequence text, DateTimeFormatter formatter).

For example:

  LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
  String text = date.format(formatter);
  LocalDate parsedDate = LocalDate.parse(text, formatter);
 

In addition to the format, formatters can be created with desired Locale, Chronology, ZoneId, and DecimalStyle.

The withLocale method returns a new formatter that overrides the locale. The locale affects some aspects of formatting and parsing. For example, the ofLocalizedDate provides a formatter that uses the locale specific date format.

The withChronology method returns a new formatter that overrides the chronology. If overridden, the date-time value is converted to the chronology before formatting. During parsing the date-time value is converted to the chronology before it is returned.

The withZone method returns a new formatter that overrides the zone. If overridden, the date-time value is converted to a ZonedDateTime with the requested ZoneId before formatting. During parsing the ZoneId is applied before the value is returned.

The withDecimalStyle method returns a new formatter that overrides the DecimalStyle. The DecimalStyle symbols are used for formatting and parsing.

Some applications may need to use the older java.text.Format class for formatting. The toFormat() method returns an implementation of java.text.Format.

Predefined Formatters

Formatter	Description	Example
ofLocalizedDate(dateStyle)	Formatter with date style from the locale	'2011-12-03'
ofLocalizedTime(timeStyle)	Formatter with time style from the locale	'10:15:30'
ofLocalizedDateTime(dateTimeStyle)	Formatter with a style for date and time from the locale	'3 Jun 2008 11:05:30'
ofLocalizedDateTime(dateStyle,timeStyle)	Formatter with date and time styles from the locale	'3 Jun 2008 11:05'
BASIC_ISO_DATE	Basic ISO date	'20111203'
ISO_LOCAL_DATE	ISO Local Date	'2011-12-03'
ISO_OFFSET_DATE	ISO Date with offset	'2011-12-03+01:00'
ISO_DATE	ISO Date with or without offset	'2011-12-03+01:00'; '2011-12-03'
ISO_LOCAL_TIME	Time without offset	'10:15:30'
ISO_OFFSET_TIME	Time with offset	'10:15:30+01:00'
ISO_TIME	Time with or without offset	'10:15:30+01:00'; '10:15:30'
ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME	ISO Local Date and Time	'2011-12-03T10:15:30'
ISO_OFFSET_DATE_TIME	Date Time with Offset	2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00'
ISO_ZONED_DATE_TIME	Zoned Date Time	'2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00[Europe/Paris]'
ISO_DATE_TIME	Date and time with ZoneId	'2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00[Europe/Paris]'
ISO_ORDINAL_DATE	Year and day of year	'2012-337'
ISO_WEEK_DATE	Year and Week	2012-W48-6'
ISO_INSTANT	Date and Time of an Instant	'2011-12-03T10:15:30Z'
RFC_1123_DATE_TIME	RFC 1123 / RFC 822	'Tue, 3 Jun 2008 11:05:30 GMT'

Patterns for Formatting and Parsing

Patterns are based on a simple sequence of letters and symbols. A pattern is used to create a Formatter using the ofPattern(String) and ofPattern(String, Locale) methods. For example, "d MMM uuuu" will format 2011-12-03 as '3 Dec 2011'. A formatter created from a pattern can be used as many times as necessary, it is immutable and is thread-safe.

For example:

  LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
  DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy MM dd");
  String text = date.format(formatter);
  LocalDate parsedDate = LocalDate.parse(text, formatter);