hbase入门一些简单的查询语句

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-07 09:36:20 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-07 09:36:20 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36932624/article/details/81711626

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这里我们用一个学生成绩表作为例子,对HBase的基本操作和基本概念进行讲解:

下面是学生的成绩表:
name grade course:math course:art
Tom 1          87                   97

Jerry 2 100 80

这里grad对于表来说是一个列,course对于表来说是一个列族,这个列族由两个列组成:math和art,当然我们可以根据我们的需要在course中建立更多的列族,如computer,physics等相应的列添加入course列族.

有了上面的想法和需求,我们就可以在HBase中建立相应的数据表啦!

1, 建立一个表格 scores 具有两个列族grad 和courese

hbase(main):002:0> create 'scores', 'grade', 'course'

0 row(s) in 4.1610 seconds

2,查看当先HBase中具有哪些表

hbase(main):003:0> list

scores

1 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

3,查看表的构造

hbase(main):004:0> describe 'scores'

{NAME => 'scores', IS_ROOT => 'false', IS_META => 'false', FAMILIES => [{NAME => 'course', BLOOMFILTER => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', LENGTH => '2147483647', BLOCKCACHE => 'false', VERSIONS => '3', TTL => '-1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE'}, {NAME => 'grade', BLOOMFILTER => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', LENGTH => '2147483647', BLOCKCACHE => 'false', VERSIONS => '3', TTL => '-1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE'}]}

1 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds

4, 加入一行数据,行名称为 Tom 列族grad的列名为”” 值位1

hbase(main):005:0> put 'scores', 'Tom', 'grade:', '1'

0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

5,给Tom这一行的数据的列族添加一列 <math,87>

hbase(main):006:0> put 'scores', 'Tom', 'course:math', '87'

0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds

6,给Tom这一行的数据的列族添加一列 <art,97>

hbase(main):007:0> put 'scores', 'Tom', 'course:art', '97'

0 row(s) in 0.0030 seconds

7, 加入一行数据,行名称为 Jerry 列族grad的列名为”” 值位2

hbase(main):008:0> put 'scores', 'Jerry', 'grade:', '2'

0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds

8,给Jerry这一行的数据的列族添加一列 <math,100>

hbase(main):009:0> put 'scores', 'Jerry', 'course:math', '100'

0 row(s) in 0.0030 seconds

9,给Jerry这一行的数据的列族添加一列 <art,80>

hbase(main):010:0> put 'scores', 'Jerry', 'course:art', '80'

0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds

10,查看scores表中Tom的相关数据

hbase(main):011:0> get 'scores', 'Tom'

COLUMN                      CELL

course:art                timestamp=1224726394286, value=97

course:math                timestamp=1224726377027, value=87

grade:                   timestamp=1224726360727, value=1

3 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

11,查看scores表中所有数据

hbase(main):012:0> scan 'scores'

ROW                         COLUMN+CELL

Tom                      column=course:art, timestamp=1224726394286, value=97

Tom                      column=course:math, timestamp=1224726377027, value=87

Tom                      column=grade:, timestamp=1224726360727, value=1

Jerry                      column=course:art, timestamp=1224726424967, value=80

Jerry                      column=course:math, timestamp=1224726416145, value=100

Jerry                      column=grade:, timestamp=1224726404965, value=2

6 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds

12,查看scores表中所有数据courses列族的所有数据

hbase(main):013:0> scan 'scores', ['course:']

ROW                         COLUMN+CELL

Tom                      column=course:art, timestamp=1224726394286, value=97

Tom                      column=course:math, timestamp=1224726377027, value=87

Jerry                      column=course:art, timestamp=1224726424967, value=80

Jerry                      column=course:math, timestamp=1224726416145, value=100

4 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds

上面就是HBase的基本shell操作的一个例子,可以看出,hbase的shell还是比较简单易用的,从中也可以看出HBase shell缺少很多传统sql中的一些类似于like等相关操作,当然,HBase作为BigTable的一个开源实现,而BigTable是作为 google业务的支持模型,很多sql语句中的一些东西可能还真的不需要.

当然,通过程序我们也可以对HBase进行相关的操作.下面的程序就完成了上面shell操作的内容:

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;

import java.io.DataInputStream;

import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.BatchUpdate;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.RowResult;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.Cell;

import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Writables;

public class HBaseBasic {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

      HBaseConfiguration config = new HBaseConfiguration();

      HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(config);

      if (admin.tableExists("scores")) {

         System.out.println("drop table");

         admin.disable Table("scores");

         admin.deleteTable("scores");

      }

      System.out.println("create table");

      HTableDescriptor tableDescripter = new HTableDescriptor("scores".getBytes());

      tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("grade:"));

      tableDescripter.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor("course:"));

      admin.createTable(tableDescripter);

      HTable table = new HTable(config, "scores");

      System.out.println("add Tom's data ");

      BatchUpdate tomUpdate = new BatchUpdate("Tom");

      tomUpdate.put("grade:", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(1)));

      tomUpdate.put("course:math", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(87)));

      tomUpdate.put("course:art", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(97)));

      table.commit(tomUpdate);

      System.out.println("add Jerry's data");

      BatchUpdate jerryUpdate = new BatchUpdate("Jerry");

      jerryUpdate.put("grade:", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(2)));

      jerryUpdate.put("course:math", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(100)));

      jerryUpdate.put("course:art", Writables.getBytes(new IntWritable(80)));

      table.commit(jerryUpdate);

      for (RowResult row : table.getScanner(new String[] { "course:" })) {

         System.out.format("ROW\t%s\n", new String(row.getRow()));

         for (Map.Entry<byte[], Cell> entry : row.entrySet()) {

            String column = new String(entry.getKey());

            Cell cell = entry.getValue();

            IntWritable value = new IntWritable();

            Writables.copyWritable(cell.getValue(), value);

            System.out.format("  COLUMN\t%s\t%d\n", column, value.get());

         }

      }

}

}

输出如下:

drop table

09/07/11 08:51:59 INFO client.HBaseAdmin: Disabled scores

09/07/11 08:51:59 INFO client.HBaseAdmin: Deleted scores

create table

add Tom's data

add Jerry's data

ROW    Tom

  COLUMN       course:art    97

  COLUMN       course:math    87

ROW    Jerry

  COLUMN       course:art    80

  COLUMN       course:math    100