生产者与消费者问题

生产者和消费者问题 Synchronized

package com.www;

/**
 * 线程之间的通信问题：生产者和消费者问题！ 等待唤醒，通知唤醒
 * 线程交替执行 A B 操作同一个变量 num = 0
 * A num+1
 * B num-1
 *
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class PC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();
//        new Thread(() -> {
//            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
//                try {
//                    data.increment();
//                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                    e.printStackTrace();
//                }
//            }
//        }, "C").start();
//        new Thread(() -> {
//            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
//                try {
//                    data.decrement();
//                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                    e.printStackTrace();
//                }
//            }
//        }, "D").start();

    }
}

/**
 * 判断等待，业务，通知
 */
class Data {
    private int num = 0;

    //加1
    public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException {
        if (num != 0) {
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        num++;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
        //通知其他线程我+1完毕
        this.notifyAll();
    }
    //减1
    public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException {
        if (num == 0) {
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        num--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
        //通知其他线程我-1完毕
        this.notifyAll();
    }

}

问题存在：当出现A B C D 4 个线程时！ 虚假唤醒

 

if 改为 while 

代码还是上面的代码只不过将if改成while

package com.www;

/**
 * 线程之间的通信问题：生产者和消费者问题！ 等待唤醒，通知唤醒
 * 线程交替执行 A B 操作同一个变量 num = 0
 * A num+1
 * B num-1
 *
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class PC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "C").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "D").start();

    }
}

/**
 * 判断等待，业务，通知
 */
class Data {
    private int num = 0;

    //加1
    public synchronized void increment() throws InterruptedException {
        while (num != 0) {
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        num++;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
        //通知其他线程我+1完毕
        this.notifyAll();
    }
    //减1
    public synchronized void decrement() throws InterruptedException {
        while (num == 0) {
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        num--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
        //通知其他线程我-1完毕
        this.notifyAll();
    }

}

 

生产者和消费者问题 JUC版

可以在jdk文档中得到

通过Lock 找到 Condition

代码实现：

package com.www;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class LockPc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data2 data = new Data2();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "A").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "B").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.increment();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "C").start();
        new Thread(() -> {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                try {
                    data.decrement();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }, "D").start();

    }
}

/**
 * 判断等待，业务，通知
 */
class Data2 {
    private int num = 0;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition condition = lock.newCondition();

    //加1
    public void increment() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //业务代码
            while (num != 0) {
                //等待
                condition.await();
            }
            num++;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
            //通知其他线程我+1完毕
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }

    //减1
    public void decrement() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //业务代码
            while (num == 0) {
                //等待
                condition.await();
            }
            num--;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->>" + num);
            //通知其他线程我-1完毕
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

}

condition的作用（精准的通知和唤醒线程）

执行完上面的代码发现线程的执行是随机的状态

代码测试：

package com.www.pc;


import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class Condition {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data3 data = new Data3();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                data.print1();
            }
            },"AAA").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            data.print2();
        }},"BBB").start();
        new Thread(()->{for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            data.print3();
        }},"CCC").start();


    }
}

/**
 * 判断等待，业务，通知
 */
class Data3 { //资源类，Lock
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    private java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    private java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();
    private int num = 1;

    public void print1() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //业务：判断-》执行-》通知
            while (num != 1) {
                //等待
                condition1.await();
            }
            //唤醒：唤醒指定的人B
            num++;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===>AAA");
            condition2.signal();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void print2() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //业务：判断-》执行-》通知
            while (num != 2) {
                //等待
                condition2.await();
            }
            //唤醒：唤醒指定的人B
            num++;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===>BBB");
            condition3.signal();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }

    }

    public void print3() {
        lock.lock();
        try {
            //业务：判断-》执行-》通知
            while (num != 3) {
                //等待
                condition3.await();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===>CCC");
            //唤醒：唤醒指定的人B
            num = 1;
            condition1.signal();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}