版本说明:
python==3.8.10
django==4。2.11
celery==5.3.6
一,相关配置
1,celery安装及邮件配置
pip install celery eventlet
# settings.py
# app安装
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'celery', # 添加celery
]
# 邮件配置
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com' # 如果是 163 改成 smtp.163.com
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'xxxx@qq.com' # 登录邮箱的账号
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'yxamfeswlaie' # 授权码,各邮箱的设置中启用smtp服务时获取
EMAIL_FROM = 'xxxx@qq.com>'
2,在celery_tasks下新建config.py文件,配置broker的地址,这里放在了redis的15号库
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/4' # 存储celery任务队列的数据库
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/5' # 存储结果的数据库
CELERY_TASK_SERIALIZER = 'json'
# celery时区
CELERY_TIMEZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
CELERY_ENABLE_UTC = False
3,在celery_tasks/sms文件夹下新建任务tasks.py文件(文件名必须为tasks.py,不能使用其他名称),代码如下:
from celery import shared_task
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.conf import settings
@shared_task
def send_email_async(subject, message, *args, **kwargs):
try:
send_mail(subject, message, settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER, [settings.EMAIL_FROM])
# mail.mail_admins(
# subject, message, *args, connection=connection(), **kwargs
# )
return "success"
except Exception as e:
print("发生错误:" + str(e))
return "fail"
4,在views.py里导入tasks.py里的任务函数celery_send_sms_code,使用delay方法调用
from celery_tasks.sms.tasks import send_email_async
class SendView(View):
def post(self, request):
task_result = send_email_async.delay("111", "123")
result = AsyncResult(task_result.id)
return JsonResponse({"status": 200, "sum": result.get()})
5,在celery_tasks下新建celery.py文件,指定配置文件路径和任务路径,代码如下
import os
from celery import Celery
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'MediaManager.settings')
# django.setup()
app = Celery('MediaManager')
app.config_from_object('celery_tasks.config', namespace='CELERY') # 配置文件
app.autodiscover_tasks() # 任务
6,在同settings.py的__init__.py添加以下内容
from celery_tasks.celery import app as celery_app
__all__ = ['celery_app']
二,启动celery:先启动django项目,再在django项目的根目录下启动celery,启动命令:celery -A MediaManager worker -l INFO -P eventlet
celery_tasks.celery指定celery.py的路径,-l指定级别是INFO
redis第4库
postman发送请求
终端看到了任务已经收到
从postman请求接口返回的数据可以看到异步任务完成后也成功获取到了任务返回的结果
注:因为在视图里获取了任务的结果,所以这里依然是阻塞,因为需要等待邮件发送完成后才能return返回结果,如果在视图不使用result = AsyncResult(task_result.id)
return JsonResponse({"status": 200, "sum": result.get()})来获取结果就不会阻塞了
查看redis的5库,这里存储着celery返回的结果