python编程练习题
1. 通过面向对象的方式实现队列和栈的数据结构
解答：
队列
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
"""
file:.py
date:2017/9/12 18:46
author: peak
description:
"""
class Queue(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'create queue '
self.queue = []
def Inqueue(self,item):
self.queue.append(item)
def Outqueue(self):
if not self.queue == []:
return self.queue.pop()
else:
return None
def show(self):
for i in self.queue:
print i,
print
def lenth(self):
return len(self.queue)
def isempty(self):
return self.queue == []
p1=Queue()
print p1.isempty()
p1.Inqueue(1)
p1.show()
p1.Inqueue(3)
p1.show()
print p1.lenth()
p1.Outqueue()
p1.show()
运行结果：
栈：
解答：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
"""
file:.py
date:2017/9/12 21:37
author: peak
description:
"""
#定义一个栈的类
class stack(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'stack is created'
self.stack = []
def push(self,item):
self.stack.append(item)
def pop(self):
self.stack.pop()
def show(self):
for i in self.stack :
print i ,
print
def top(self):
if self.stack==[] :
return None
else:
print self.stack[-1]
def isempty(self):
return self.stack == []
#调用上面的类
s = stack()
print s.isempty()
s.push(1)
s.push(2)
s.push(3)
s.show()
s.pop()
s.show()
运行结果：
2.构建一个管理系统
- 管理系统雏形
redhat ：学校，学员，讲师
学校:
属性:名称，地点，校训
方法:招生，招聘讲师
学员:
属性:姓名， 年龄， 性别，班级，学号
方法:学习，交钱，显示信息
讲师
属性:姓名， 年龄， 性别, 课程， 工资
方法:讲课，显示信息
学员保存在字典里，讲师保存在字典
- 解答
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
"""
file:.py
date:2017/9/12 21:09
author: peak
description:
"""
# 选课系统
import sys
import json
class School(object): # 创建学校类
def __init__(self, school_name, address):
self.school_name = school_name
self.address = address
def create_class(self): # 创建班级
print("欢迎创建班级".center(50, '-'))
classroom_name = raw_input("请输入班级名称:")
classroom_period = raw_input("请输入班级周期:")
classroom_obj = Classroom(classroom_name, classroom_period, choice_school_obj.school_name) # 班级的实例
print("班级成功创建,班级信息如下".center(50, '-'))
classrooms[classroom_name] = classroom_obj # 将班级名与班级对象相关联
classroom_obj.show_classroom_info()
def hire_teacher(self): # 雇讲师
print("欢迎雇用讲师".center(50, '-'))
# print("已有讲师Name:%s, Course:%s, Classroom:%s")
teacher_name = raw_input("请输入讲师名字:")
teacher_sex = raw_input("请输入讲师性别:")
teacher_age = input("请输入讲师年龄:")
teacher_course = raw_input("请输入讲师对应课程:")
teacher_classroom = raw_input("请输入讲师对应班级:")
teacher = Teacher(teacher_name, teacher_sex, teacher_age, teacher_course,
teacher_classroom, choice_school_obj.school_name) # 实例化讲师对象
teacher_dict = {"teacher_shcool_name": teacher.teacher_school_name, "teacher_sex": teacher_sex,
"teacher_age": teacher_age, "teacher_course": teacher_course,
"teacher_classroom": teacher_classroom} # 用字典来存放讲师信息
teacher.show_teacher_info()
# 通过json将讲师的字典反序列化到dic字典中
if not dic: # 字典如果为空
dic[teacher_name] = teacher_dict # 将讲师名与讲师对象相关联
# 通过json将讲师的字典序列化到teacher_文件中
json.dump(dic, open("teacher_db", "w", encoding='utf-8'),
ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
else: # 如果文件中已有讲师信息
if dic.get(teacher_name): # 字典中不存在key，则返回none,不曝错
print("%s讲师已存在,不能创建名字相同的讲师" % teacher_name)
flag = True
elif not dic.get(teacher_name):
dic[teacher_name] = teacher_dict
json.dump(dic, open("teacher_db", "w", encoding='utf-8'), ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
def create_course(self): # 创建课程
print("迎欢创建课程".center(50, '-'))
course_type = raw_input("请输入课程类型[eg:技术/教育/自然科学/艺术...]:")
course_name = raw_input("请输入课程名称:")
course_price = raw_input("请输入课程价格:")
course_period = raw_input("请输入课程周期:")
course = Course(course_type, course_name, course_price, course_period, choice_school_obj.school_name)
print("课程成功创建,课程信息如下".center(50, '-'))
courses_dict[course_name] = course # 将课程名与课程对象相关联
course.show_course_info()
class Course(object): # 课程类
def __init__(self, course_type, course_name, course_price, course_period, course_place):
self.course_type = course_type
self.course_name = course_name
self.course_price = course_price
self.course_period = course_period
self.course_place = course_place
def show_course_info(self):
print("课程类型:%s,名称:%s,价格:%s,周期:%s" % (self.course_type, self.course_name,
self.course_price, self.course_period))
class Classroom(object): # 班级类
def __init__(self, classroom_name, classroom_period, classroom_school_name):
self.classroom_name = classroom_name
self.classroom_period = classroom_period
self.classroom_school_name = classroom_school_name
def show_classroom_info(self):
print("班级名称:%s\n班级周期:%s" % (self.classroom_name, self.classroom_period))
class SchoolMember(object): # 学校成员类（学生/老师）
def __init__(self, member_name, member_sex, member_age):
self.member_name = member_name
self.member_sex = member_sex
self.member_age = member_age
class Student(SchoolMember): # 创建学生类（继承学校成员类）
def __init__(self, stu_school, stu_name, stu_sex, stu_age, stu_id, stu_course, course_price):
super(Student, self).__init__(stu_name, stu_sex, stu_age)
self.stu_school = stu_school
self.stu_id = stu_id
self.stu_course = stu_course
self.course_price = course_price
def show_student_info(self):
print("""
---------------学生%s的信息--------------
Name:%s
School:%s
Sex:%s
Age:%s
ID:%s
Course:%s
Course_price:%s
""" % (stu1.member_name, stu1.member_name, stu1.stu_school, stu1.member_sex,
stu1.member_age, stu1.stu_id, stu1.stu_course, stu1.course_price))
class Teacher(SchoolMember): # 讲师类
def __init__(self, teacher_name, teacher_sex, teacher_age, teacher_course, teacher_classroom, teacher_school_name):
super(Teacher, self).__init__(teacher_name, teacher_sex, teacher_age)
self.teacher_course = teacher_course
self.teacher_classroom = teacher_classroom
self.teacher_school_name = teacher_school_name
def show_teacher_info(self):
print("""
-------------讲师%s的信息-------------
Name:%s
Sex:%s
Age:%s
Course:%s
Classroom:%s
School_name:%s
""" % (self.member_name, self.member_name, self.member_sex, self.member_age,
self.teacher_course, self.teacher_classroom, self.teacher_school_name))
def show_classroom(self, te_name): # 查看班级信息 传一个班级对象，通过对象查看班级信息
class_room = Classroom(teachers_dict[te_name].teacher_classroom,
courses_dict[teachers_dict[te_name].teacher_course].course_period,
choice_school_obj.school_name)
class_room.show_classroom_info()
def show_student(self): # 查看学生信息 传一个学生对象，通过对象查看学生信息
stu_name = raw_input("请输入要查看学生名字:")
stu_dict[stu_name].show_student_info()
def stu_regiest(): # 学生注册方法，目的是为了生成学生对象
global stu1 # 定义学生变量为全局变量
stu_name = raw_input("请输入学生姓名:")
stu_sex = raw_input("请输入学生性别:")
stu_age = input("请输入学生年龄:")
stu_id = raw_input("请输入学生序号")
print("1.%s[%sRMB], 2.%s[%sRMB], 3.%s[%sRMB], 4.返回" % (course1.course_name, course1.course_price,
course2.course_name, course2.course_price,
course3.course_name, course3.course_price))
while True:
course_num = raw_input("请选择课程:")
if course_num == '1':
stu_course = course1.course_name
stu1 = Student(choice_school_obj.school_name, stu_name, stu_sex,
stu_age, stu_id, stu_course, course1.course_price)
stu_dict[stu_name] = stu1
break
elif course_num == '2':
stu_course = course2.course_name
stu1 = Student(choice_school_obj.school_name, stu_name, stu_sex,
stu_age, stu_id, stu_course, course2.course_price)
stu_dict[stu_name] = stu1
break
elif course_num == '3':
stu_course = course3.course_name
stu1 = Student(choice_school_obj.school_name, stu_name, stu_sex,
stu_age, stu_id, stu_course, course3.course_price)
stu_dict[stu_name] = stu1
break
elif course_num == '4':
break
else:
continue
stu1.show_student_info()
def students_view(): # 学员视图
while True:
pro = """
1.欢迎注册
2.返回
3.退出
请选择:
"""
num = raw_input(pro)
if num == '1':
stu_regiest() # 调用学生注册方法并生成学生对象
elif num == '2':
break
elif num == '3':
sys.exit()
else:
continue
def teacher_view(): # 讲师视图
name = raw_input("请输入讲师姓名:")
while True:
if dic.get(name) or teachers_dict.get(name):
print("欢迎%s讲师".center(50, '-') % name)
elif not dic.get(name) and not teachers_dict.get(name):
print("%s讲师不存在" % name)
break
pro = """
1.查看班级
2.查看学员信息
3.返回
4.退出
请输入你的选择:
"""
num = raw_input(pro)
if num == '1':
if teachers_dict.get(name):
teachers_dict[name].show_classroom(name) # 查看班级信息
else:
print("功能未完善,只能输入lvah,cheng")
elif num == '2':
if teachers_dict.get(name):
teachers_dict[name].show_student() # 查看学生信息
else:
print("功能未完善,只能输入lvah,cheng")
elif num == '3':
break
elif num == '4':
sys.exit()
else:
continue
def school_view(): # 学校视图
while True:
pro = """
1.创建班级
2.创建课程
3.雇用讲师
4.返回
请输入你的选择:
"""
num = raw_input(pro)
if num == '1':
choice_school_obj.create_class()
elif num == '2':
choice_school_obj.create_course()
elif num == '3':
choice_school_obj.hire_teacher()
elif num == '4':
break
else:
continue
def main():
global dic # 全局变量
global choice_school_obj
dic = {}
while True:
print("请选择学校".center(50, '*'))
pro1 = """
1. %s
2. %s
3. 返回
4. 退出
请输入你的选择:
""" % (s1.school_name, s2.school_name)
choice_school = raw_input(pro1)
if choice_school == '1':
choice_school_obj = s1 # 将对象引用传给choice_school
elif choice_school == '2':
choice_school_obj = s2
elif choice_school == '3':
break
elif choice_school == '4':
sys.exit()
else:
continue
while True:
print("请选择视图".center(50, '*'))
pro2 = """
1.学员视图
2.讲师视图
3.学校管理视图
4.返回
5.退出
请选择视图:
"""
num = raw_input(pro2)
if num == '1':
print("欢迎进入学员视图".center(50, '*'))
students_view()
elif num == '2':
print("欢迎进入讲师视图".center(50, '*'))
teacher_view()
elif num == '3':
print("欢迎进入学校管理视图".center(50, '*'))
school_view()
elif num == '4':
break
elif num == '5':
sys.exit()
else:
continue
if __name__ == '__main__':
classrooms = {}
teachers_dict = {}
courses_dict = {}
stu_dict = {}
s1 = School("西安邮电大学", "曲江") # 实例化学校
s2 = School("西安理工大学", "长安区")
course1 = Course("技术", "C", "11800", "1 year", "曲江")
course2 = Course("技术", "Java", "6400", "7 month", "曲江") # 实例化三个课程
course3 = Course("技术", "RHCE", "2400", "4 month", "长安区")
course4 = Course("技术", "Linux", "2400", "4 month", "长安区")
courses_dict["C"] = course1
courses_dict["Java"] = course2
courses_dict["RHCE"] = course3
courses_dict["Linux"] = course4
t1 = Teacher("老李", "M", "33", "RHCE", "红帽1701", "西安邮电大学")
t2 = Teacher("老吴", "M", "35", "Linux", "Linux1702", "西安理工大学") # 实例化两个讲师
teachers_dict["老李"] = t1
teachers_dict["老吴"] = t2
teacher_dict = {"teacher_name": "老李", "teacher_sex": "M", "teacher_age": "33",
"teacher_course": "RHCE", "teacher_classroom": "红帽1701"}
teacher_dict = {"teacher_name": "老吴", "teacher_sex": "M", "teacher_age": "35",
"teacher_course": "Linux", "teacher_classroom": "Linux1702"}
print(s1, s2)
# print teacher_dict
main()
- 运行结果：
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