client.c
//client.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
static void usage(const char* proc) {
printf("Usage:%s [server-ip] [server-port]",proc);
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[]) {
if(argc != 3) {
usage(argv[0]);
}
int sock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sock < 0) {
perror("socket");
return 1;
}
struct sockaddr_in server;
server.sin_family = AF_INET;
server.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
server.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr *)&server,sizeof(server)) < 0) {
perror("connect");
return 2;
}
while(1) {
printf("please Entry#");
fflush(stdout);
char buf[1024];
ssize_t s = read(0,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
if(s > 0) {//read success
buf[s] = 0;
}
printf("%d\n", sock);
write(sock,buf,strlen(buf));
ssize_t _s = read(sock,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
if(_s > 0) {
buf[_s - 1] = 0;
printf("server echo# %s\n",buf);
}
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}
select.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
void Usge(const char* proc) {
printf("%s[local_ip] [local_port]\n", proc);
}
int array[500];
static int start_up(const char* _ip, int _port) {
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock < 0) {
perror("socket error");
exit(1);
}
struct sockaddr_in local;
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(_port);
local.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(_ip);
bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(local));
listen(sock ,10);
return sock;
}
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
if (argc < 3) {
perror("argc error");
return 0;
}
int listensocket = start_up(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
int maxfd = 0;
fd_set rfds; // 可读的集合
fd_set wfds; // 可写的集合
array[0] = listensocket; // 保存监视的文件描述符
int i = 1;
int array_size = sizeof(array)/sizeof(array[0]);
for (; i < array_size; i++) {
array[i] = 0;
}
while (1) {
FD_ZERO(&rfds);
FD_ZERO(&wfds);
printf("while\n");
for (i = 0 ; i < array_size; i++) {
if (array[i] > 0) {
FD_SET(array[i], &rfds);
FD_SET(array[i], &wfds);
if (array[i] > maxfd) {
maxfd = array[i];
}
}
}
switch (select(maxfd+1, &rfds, &wfds, NULL, NULL)) { // 此时会一直阻塞
case 0:{
printf("timeout\n");
break;
}
case -1:{
printf("select\n");
break;
}
default: {
int j = 0;
for (; j < array_size; j++) {
if (j == 0 && FD_ISSET(array[j], &rfds)) {
// listen sock haapend read events
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
int new_sock = accept(listensocket, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len);
printf("get a new client%s\n", inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr));
fflush(stdout);
int k = 1;
for (; k < array_size ; k++) {
if (array[k] == 0) {
array[k] = new_sock;
printf("%d\n", new_sock);
if (new_sock > maxfd)
maxfd = new_sock;
break;
}
}
if (k == array_size) {
close(new_sock);
}
} else if (j != 0 && FD_ISSET(array[j], &rfds)) {
// new sock happend read events
char buf[1024];
ssize_t s = read(array[j], buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
if (s > 0) {
buf[s] = 0;
printf("clients say##%s\n", buf);
if (FD_ISSET(array[j], &wfds)) {
char *msg = "nihaoma";
write(array[j], msg, strlen(msg));
}
} else if (s == 0){
printf("client quit!\n");
close(array[j]);
array[j] = -1;
} else {
perror("reasdfsdfsd");
close(array[j]);
array[j] = -1;
}
}
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
poll.c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<poll.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
void Usge(const char* proc) {
printf("%s[local_ip] [local_port]\n", proc);
}
int array[500];
static int start_up(const char* _ip, int _port) {
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sock < 0) {
perror("socket error");
exit(1);
}
struct sockaddr_in local;
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(_port);
local.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(_ip);
bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(local));
listen(sock ,10);
return sock;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sock = start_up(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
struct pollfd peerfd[1024];
peerfd[0].fd = sock;
peerfd[0].events = POLLIN;
int nfds = 1;
int ret;
int maxsize = sizeof(peerfd)/sizeof(peerfd[0]);
int i = 1;
int timeout = -1;
for (; i < maxsize; i++) {
peerfd[i].fd = -1;
}
while (1) {
switch (ret = poll(peerfd, nfds, timeout)) {
case 0:
printf("timeout....\n");
break;
case -1:
printf("poll error\n");
break;
default:
{
if (peerfd[0].revents & POLLIN) {
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
int new_sock = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len);
printf("accpet finish: %d\n", new_sock);
printf("get a new client#\n");
int j = 1;
for (; j < maxsize; j++) {
if (peerfd[j].fd < 0) {
peerfd[j].fd = new_sock;
peerfd[j].events = POLLIN;
if (j + 1 > nfds) {
nfds = j+1;
}
break;
}
}
}
//
for (int i = 1; i < nfds; i++)
{
if (peerfd[i].revents & POLLIN) {
printf("read readly:\n");
char buf[1024];
ssize_t s = read(peerfd[i].fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
if (s > 0) {
buf[s] = 0;
printf("client say# %s\n", buf);
fflush(stdout);
peerfd[i].events = POLLOUT;
} else {
close(peerfd[i].fd);
peerfd[i].fd = -1;
}
}
if (peerfd[i].revents & POLLOUT) {
char *msg = "duanzhihong";
write(peerfd[i].fd, msg, strlen(msg));
peerfd[i].events = POLLIN;
}
}
}
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
epoll.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
static Usage(const char proc)
{
printf("%s[local_ip][local_port]\n", proc);
}
int start_up(const char*_ip, int _port)
{
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
struct sockaddr_in local;
local.sin_family = AF_INET;
local.sin_port = htons(_port);
local.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(_ip);
bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(local));
listen(sock, 10);
return sock;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if (argc < 3) {
Usage(argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
int sock = start_up(argv[1], atoi(argv[2]));
int epollfd = epoll_create(256);
struct epoll_event ev;
ev.events = EPOLLIN:
ev.data.fd = sock;
epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, sock, &ev);
int evnums = 0;
struct epoll_event evs[64];
int timeout = -1;
while (1) {
switch (evnums = epoll_wait(epollfd, evs, 64, timeout)) {
case 0;
printf("timeout.....\n");
break;
case -1:
printf("epoll_wait error\n");
break;
default:
{
int i = 0;
for (; i < evnums; ++i) {
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t len = sizeof(client);
if (evs[i].data.fd == sock && evs[i].events & EPOLLIN) {
int new_sock = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &len);
printf("get a new client#:\n");
inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr);
ev.data.fd = new_sock;
ev.data = EPOLLIN;
epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, new_sock, &ev);
} else if (evs[i].data.fd != sock && evs[i].events & EPOLLIN) {
char buf[1024];
ssize_t s = read(evs[i].data.fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
if (s > 0) {
buf[s] = 0;
printf('client say##\n');
ev.data.fd = evs[i].data.fd;
ev.events = EPOLLOUT;
epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_MOD, eves[i].dta.fd);
} else {
close(evs[i].data.fd);
epoll_ctl(epoll, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, evs[i].data.fd, NULL);
}
} else if (evs[i].data.fd != sock && evs[i].events & EPOLLOUT) {
char *msg = "that\'s ok";
write(evs[i].data.fd, msg, strlen(msg));
}
}
}
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
时间复杂度:O(n)
fd_set(监听的端口个数):32位机默认是1024个,64位机默认是2048。
缺点:
(1)单进程可以打开fd有限制;
(2)对socket进行扫描时是线性扫描,即采用轮询的方法,效率较低;
(2)用户空间和内核空间的复制非常消耗资源;
时间复杂度:O(1)
epoll的工作方式
epoll的两种工作方式:1.水平触发(LT)2.边缘触发(ET)
LT模式:若就绪的事件一次没有处理完要做的事件,就会一直去处理。即就会将没有处理完的事件继续放回到就绪队列之中(即那个内核中的链表),一直进行处理。
ET模式:就绪的事件只能处理一次,若没有处理完会在下次的其它事件就绪时再进行处理。而若以后再也没有就绪的事件,那么剩余的那部分数据也会随之而丢失。
由此可见:ET模式的效率比LT模式的效率要高很多。只是如果使用ET模式,就要保证每次进行数据处理时,要将其处理完,不能造成数据丢失,这样对编写代码的人要求就比较高。
注意:ET模式只支持非阻塞的读写:为了保证数据的完整性。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/nanxiaotao/article/details/90612404