邮件发送原理和实现

邮件发送

拓展：MIME:多用途互联网邮件扩展类型。就是附件

1、准备工作

获取QQ邮箱权限

测试代码

package com.jyw;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class MailDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送协议
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户密码

        //关于qq邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤

        //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                //发送邮件用户名，授权码
                return new PasswordAuthentication("2529423851@qq.com", "授权码");
            }
        });
        //通过session的debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
        session.setDebug(true);

        //2.通过session得到transport对象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "2529423851@qq.com", "授权码");

        //4.创建邮件:写邮件
        //注意需要传递session
        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //指明邮件的发件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("2529423851@qq.com"));
       //指明邮件的收件人，现在发件人2529，收件人416233
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("416233049@qq.com"));
       //邮件的标题
        message.setSubject("只包含文本的简单邮件");
        //邮件的文本内容
        message.setContent("<h1 style='color:red'>你好啊！</h1>","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        //5.发送邮件
        ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());

        //6.关闭连接
        ts.close();

    }
}

2、使用类介绍

3、代码编写

package com.jyw;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class MailDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");//设置qq邮件服务器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送协议
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户密码

        //关于qq邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

        //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤

        //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                //发送邮件用户名，授权码
                return new PasswordAuthentication("2529423851@qq.com", "授权码");
            }
        });
        //通过session的debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
        session.setDebug(true);

        //2.通过session得到transport对象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", "2529423851@qq.com", "授权码");

        //4.创建邮件:写邮件
        //注意需要传递session
        Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //指明邮件的发件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("2529423851@qq.com"));
        //指明邮件的收件人，现在发件人2529，收件人416233
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("2529423851@qq.com"));
       //邮件的标题
        message.setSubject("只包含文本的简单邮件");

        //====================================================================================
        //准备图片数据
        //图片需要经过数据处理。。。DataHandler：数据处理
        MimeBodyPart image=new MimeBodyPart();
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("src/1.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);//在我们BOdy中放入这个处理的图片数据
        image.setContentID("bz.jpg");//给图片设置一个id，我们在后面可以使用，就是后面的cid
        //准备正文数据
        MimeBodyPart text=new MimeBodyPart();
        text.setContent("这是一封邮件正文带图片<img src='cid:bz.jpg'>的邮件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //准备附件
//        MimeBodyPart body3=new MimeBodyPart();
//        body3.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("src/resource/log4j.properties")));
//        body3.setFileName("log4j.properties");//设置附件名字

        //封装数据关系
        MimeMultipart mm=new MimeMultipart();
        mm.addBodyPart(text);
        mm.addBodyPart(image);
        mm.setSubType("related");//有附件用mixed

        //设置到消息中，保存修改
        message.setContent(mm);//把最后编辑好的邮件放到消息当中
        message.saveChanges();


        //5.发送邮件
        ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());

        //6.关闭连接
        ts.close();

    }
}

附件的写法

网站注册时，发送邮件实例

User实例

package com.jyw.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String email) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

发送工具类

package com.jyw.utils;

import com.jyw.pojo.User;
import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;

//网站3s原则：用户体验问题
//超过3秒，用户体验不好
//所以我们使用多线程实现用户体验！（异步处理）
public class Sendemail extends Thread {

    //用于给用户发送邮件的邮箱
    private String from="2529423851@qq.com";
    //邮箱的用户名
    private String username="javaWeb";
    //邮箱的密码,授权码
    private String password="授权码";
    //发送邮件的服务器地址
    private String host="smtp.qq.com";

    private  User user=null;
    public Sendemail(User user) {
        this.user=user;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties prop = new Properties();
            prop.setProperty("mail.host", host);//设置qq邮件服务器
            prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");//邮件发送协议
            prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");//需要验证用户密码

            //关于qq邮箱，还要设置SSL加密，加上以下代码即可
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            //使用JavaMail发送邮件的5个步骤

            //1.创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的Session对象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    //发送邮件用户名，授权码
                    return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
                }
            });
            //通过session的debug模式，这样就可以查看到程序发送Email的运行状态
            session.setDebug(true);

            //2.通过session得到transport对象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();

            //3.使用邮箱的用户名和授权码连上邮件服务器
            ts.connect("smtp.qq.com", from, password);

            //4.创建邮件:写邮件
            //注意需要传递session
            Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
            //指明邮件的发件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
            //指明邮件的收件人，现在发件人2529，收件人416233
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));
            //邮件的标题
            message.setSubject("只包含文本的简单邮件");
            //邮件的文本内容
            message.setContent("<h1 style='color:red'>恭喜您注册成功，您的用户名:"+user.getUsername()+",您的密码:"+user.getPassword()+",请妥善保管，如有问题请联系网站客服。</h1>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

            //5.发送邮件
            ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());

            //6.关闭连接
            ts.close();

        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

control层

package com.jyw.servlet;

import com.jyw.pojo.User;
import com.jyw.utils.Sendemail;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
//脚手架
public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收用户请求，封装成对象
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String email = request.getParameter("email");
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);
        System.out.println(email);
        User user = new User(username, password, email);

        //用户注册成功之后，给用户发送一封邮件
        //我们使用线程来专门发送邮件，防止出现耗时，和网站注册人数过多的情况
        Sendemail sendemail=new Sendemail(user);
        //启动线程，线程启动之后就会执行run方法来发送邮件
        sendemail.start();

        //注册用户
        request.setAttribute("message","注册成功，我们已经发了一封带了注册信息的电子邮件，请查收");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(request,response);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

前端

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/RegisterServlet.do" method="post">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
    邮箱： <input type="text" name="email"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
```)