云计算day09-Kubernetes_K8s

1. ReplicationController资源

副本控制器

rc:保证指定数量的pod始终存活,rc通过标签选择器来关联pod

---

#创建rc
[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# vim k8s_rc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 5
  selector:
    app: myweb
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myweb
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myweb
        image: 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80


[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# kubectl create -f k8s_rc.yaml 
replicationcontroller "nginx" created
[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# kubectl get rc
NAME      DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE
nginx     5         5         0         6s
[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# kubectl get pod
NAME          READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx         1/1       Running   2          15h
nginx-b2l78   1/1       Running   0          15s
nginx-gh210   1/1       Running   0          15s
nginx-gs025   1/1       Running   0          15s
nginx-k4hp5   1/1       Running   0          15s
nginx-twf7x   1/1       Running   0          15s
test          2/2       Running   4          15h

k8s资源的常见操作:增删改查
kubectl create -f xxx.yaml
kubectl get pod|rc
kubectl describe pod nginx
kubectl delete pod nginx 或者kubectl delete -f xxx.yaml
kubectl edit pod nginx

在node节点上重启 kubelet.service 恢复

[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# kubectl edit rc nginx
spec:
  replicas: 10
[root@k8s-master k8s_yaml]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME          READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
nginx         1/1       Running             2          16h       172.18.49.2   k8s-node2
nginx-4dht9   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6s        <none>        k8s-node1
nginx-9661w   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6s        <none>        k8s-node1
nginx-9ntg5   1/1       Running             0          1m        172.18.49.4   k8s-node2
nginx-b2l78   1/1       Running             0          11m       172.18.42.3   k8s-node1
nginx-gh210   1/1       Running             0          11m       172.18.49.3   k8s-node2
nginx-gs025   1/1       Running             0          11m       172.18.42.4   k8s-node1
nginx-jfg7f   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6s        <none>        k8s-node2
nginx-l8l6h   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6s        <none>        k8s-node1
nginx-nl4s0   1/1       Running             0          1m        172.18.49.5   k8s-node2
nginx-sld3s   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          6s        <none>        k8s-node2
test          2/2       Running             4          15h       172.18.42.2   k8s-node1

2. rc的滚动升级

新建一个nginx-rc1.15.yaml

#上传docker_nginx1.15的镜像包，并打标签
wget http://192.168.37.202/linux59/docker_nginx1.15.tar.gz
docker load -i docker_nginx1.15.tar.gz 
docker tag docker.io/nginx:latest 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.15
docker push 10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.15 

#创建k8s_rc2.yaml 配置文件
cd k8s_yaml/
mkdir /rc
mv k8s_rc.yaml rc/
cd rc/
cp k8s_rc.yaml k8s_rc2.yaml 

查看内容修改的差别 vim k8s_rc2.yaml

#检查当前nginx_1.13的版本
[root@k8s-master rc]# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME          READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
nginx         1/1       Running   2          17h       172.18.49.2   k8s-node2
nginx-309cg   1/1       Running   0          5m        172.18.49.3   k8s-node2
nginx-nt1tr   1/1       Running   0          5m        172.18.49.4   k8s-node2
nginx-sh229   1/1       Running   0          5m        172.18.42.3   k8s-node1
nginx-w517q   1/1       Running   0          5m        172.18.42.2   k8s-node1
nginx-wkhcv   1/1       Running   0          5m        172.18.42.4   k8s-node1
test          2/2       Running   0          51m       172.18.49.6   k8s-node2

[root@k8s-master rc]# curl -I 172.18.49.4
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.13.12

---

升级为nginx_1.15

kubectl rolling-update nginx -f k8s_rc2.yaml --update-period=10s

---

回滚到nginx_1.13

kubectl rolling-update nginx2 -f k8s_rc.yaml --update-period=1s

---

3. service资源

service帮助pod暴露端口

创建一个service

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort  #ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80          #clusterIP
      nodePort: 30000   #node port
      targetPort: 80    #pod port
  selector:
    app: myweb2

具体配置步骤

[root@k8s-master svc]# mkdir svc
[root@k8s-master svc]# cd svc/
[root@k8s-master svc]# pwd
/root/k8s_yaml/svc
[root@k8s-master svc]# vim k8s_svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort  #ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80          #clusterIP
      nodePort: 30000   #node port
      targetPort: 80    #pod port
  selector:
    app: myweb

#生成svc
kubectl create -f k8s_svc.yaml 

#查看svc的两种方法
kubectl get svc 
kubectl get service

#查看所有资源类型
kubectl get all -o wide

#确保标签一样，修改为myweb
kubectl edit svc myweb
    app: myweb

#查看端口是否暴露成功
kubectl describe svc myweb

浏览器访问已经可以访问了
10.0.0.12:30000
10.0.0.13:30000

4. 负载均衡

#另一种修改数量的方法
[root@k8s-master svc]# kubectl scale rc nginx --replicas=3

#k8s进入容器的方法
[root@k8s-master svc]# kubectl exec -it nginx-5mf4r /bin/bash
root@nginx-5mf4r:/# echo '11111' >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
root@nginx-5mf4r:/# exit

[root@k8s-master svc]# kubectl exec -it nginx-ppjb3 /bin/bash
root@nginx-ppjb3:/# echo '2222' >/usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
root@nginx-ppjb3:/# exit

添加随机端口

[root@k8s-master svc]# vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
KUBE_API_ARGS="--service-node-port-range=3000-50000"
[root@k8s-master svc]# systemctl restart kube-apiserver.service


[root@k8s-master svc]# kubectl expose rc nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
service "nginx" exposed
[root@k8s-master svc]# kubectl get all -o wide
NAME       DESIRED   CURRENT   READY     AGE       CONTAINER(S)   IMAGE(S)                    SELECTOR
rc/nginx   3         3         3         1h        myweb          10.0.0.11:5000/nginx:1.13   app=myweb

NAME             CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE       SELECTOR
svc/kubernetes   10.254.0.1      <none>        443/TCP        1d        <none>
svc/myweb        10.254.173.22   <nodes>       80:30000/TCP   52m       app=myweb
svc/nginx        10.254.22.101   <nodes>       80:4336/TCP    2s        app=myweb

NAME             READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
po/nginx         1/1       Running   2          19h       172.18.49.2   k8s-node2
po/nginx-5mf4r   1/1       Running   0          1h        172.18.42.4   k8s-node1
po/nginx-ppjb3   1/1       Running   0          1h        172.18.49.3   k8s-node2
po/nginx-vvh1m   1/1       Running   0          1h        172.18.49.4   k8s-node2
po/test          2/2       Running   0          2h        172.18.49.6   k8s-node2

service默认使用iptables来实现负载均衡, k8s 1.8新版本中推荐使用lvs(四层负载均衡 传输层tcp,udp)