⑦装饰者模式

初步想法

想法2

装饰者模式

定义

1. 装饰者模式: 动态的将新功能附加到对象上。在对象功能扩展方面，它比继承更有弹性，装饰者模式也体现了开闭原则(ocp)
2. 这里提到的动态的将新功能附加到对象和ocp原则，在后面的应用实例上会以代码的形式体现，请同学们注意体会。

改进星巴克

Drink.java

public abstract class Drink {
    public String des;
    private float price= 0.0f;

    //计算费用
    public abstract float cost() ;

    public String getDes() {
        return des+" "+price;
    }

    public void setDes(String des) {
        this.des = des;
    }

    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

Coffee.java

public class Coffee extends Drink {
    @Override
    public float cost() {
        return super.getPrice();
    }

}

Espresso.java

public class Espresso extends Coffee {
    public Espresso() {
        setDes("意大利咖啡");
        setPrice(6);
    }
}

LongBlack.java

public class LongBlack extends Coffee {
    public LongBlack() {
        setDes("LongBlack");
        setPrice(8);
    }
}

ShortBlack .java

public class ShortBlack extends Coffee {
    public ShortBlack() {
        setDes("ShortBlack");
        setPrice(5);
    }
}

Decorator.java

public class Decorator extends Drink {
    private Drink obj;

    public Decorator(Drink obj) {
        this.obj = obj;
    }

    @Override
    public float cost() {
        return super.getPrice() + obj.cost();
    }

    @Override
    public String getDes() {
        return super.getDes() + "\n" + obj.getDes() ;
    }
}

milk.java

public class milk extends Decorator {
    public milk(Drink obj) {
        super(obj);
        setDes("牛奶");
        setPrice(2.0f);
    }
}

Soy.java

public class Soy extends Decorator {

    public Soy(Drink obj) {
        super(obj);
        setDes("豆浆");
        setPrice(1.0f);
    }
}

Chocolate.java

//调味
public class Chocolate extends Decorator {
    public Chocolate(Drink obj) {
        super(obj);
        setDes("巧克力");
        setPrice(3.0f);
    }
}

CoffeeBar.java

public class CoffeeBar {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //2巧克力 1牛奶 LongBlack

        // LongBlack
        Drink order = new LongBlack();
        System.out.println("费用1：" + order.cost() + "\n" + order.getDes());

        //1牛奶 LongBlack
        order = new milk(order);
        System.out.println("费用2：" + order.cost() + "\n" + order.getDes());

        //1巧克力 1牛奶 LongBlack
        order = new Chocolate(order);
        System.out.println("费用3：" + order.cost() + "\n" + order.getDes());

        //2巧克力 1牛奶 LongBlack
        order = new Chocolate(order);
        System.out.println("费用4：" + order.cost() + "\n" + order.getDes());
    }
}

装饰者模式在JDK应用的源码分析

Java的I0结构，FilterInputStream就是 --个装饰者

InputStream是抽象类，类似我们前面讲的Drink
FileInputStream是InputStream 子类，类似我们前面的DeCaf, LongBlack
FilterInputStream类继承InputStream类的同时，还有父类对象；类似我们前面的Decorator修饰者
DataInputStream是FilterInputStream子类，具体的修饰者，类似前面的Milk
分析得出在jdk的io体系中，就是使用装饰者模式