什么是多线程死锁?
死锁是指两个或两个以上的线程在执行过程中,由于竞争资源或者由于彼此通信而造成的一种阻塞的现象,若无外力作用,它们都将无法推进下去。此时称系统处于死锁状态或系统产生了死锁,这些永远在互相等待的进程称为死锁进程。
死锁代码:
public class DeadLock {
public static String obj1 = "obj1";
public static String obj2 = "obj2";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread a = new Thread(new Lock1());
Thread b = new Thread(new Lock2());
a.start();
b.start();
}
}
class Lock1 implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Lock1 running");
while (true) {
synchronized (DeadLock.obj1) {
System.out.println("Lock1 lock obj1");
Thread.sleep(3000);//获取obj1后先等一会儿,让Lock2有足够的时间锁住obj2
synchronized (DeadLock.obj2) {
System.out.println("Lock1 lock obj2");
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
class Lock2 implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Lock2 running");
while (true) {
synchronized (DeadLock.obj2) {
System.out.println("Lock2 lock obj2");
Thread.sleep(3000);
synchronized (DeadLock.obj1) {
System.out.println("Lock2 lock obj1");
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行结果:
可以看到,Lock1获取obj1,Lock2获取obj2,但是它们都没有办法再获取另外一个obj,因为它们都在等待对方先释放锁,这时就是死锁。
可以试用jvisualvm检测到死锁